Cranial Suture Biology

Levi, Benjamin; Wan, Derrick C.; Wong, Victor W.; Nelson, Emily R.; Hyun, Jeong S.; Longaker, Michael T.

doi:10.1097/scs.0b013e318240c6c0

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…A similar result was obtained in mouse embryos in late gestation (E16.5) (Kim, Rice, Kettunen, & Thesleff, 1998). Various secreted molecules, including members of TGFβ, FGF (fibroblast growth factor), and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family, were expressed in the dura mater, and thought to mediate the interaction with the calvaria (Kim et al, 1998;Lenton et al, 2005;Levi et al, 2012;Spector et al, 2002;Warren, Brunet, Harland, Economides, & Longaker, 2003). Together, these studies have shown that the dura mater has an instructive role toward calvarial patterning and morphogenesis late in development.…”

Section: Regulation Of Meningeal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental biology of the meninges

Dasgupta

Jeong

2019

Genesis

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Summary The meninges are membranous layers surrounding the central nervous system. In the head, the meninges lie between the brain and the skull, and interact closely with both during development. The cranial meninges originate from a mesenchymal sheath on the surface of the developing brain, called primary meninx, and undergo differentiation into three layers with distinct histological characteristics: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. While genetic regulation of meningeal development is still poorly understood, mouse mutants and other models with meningeal defects have demonstrated the importance of the meninges to normal development of the calvaria and the brain. For the calvaria, the interactions with the meninges are necessary for the progression of calvarial osteogenesis during early development. In later stages, the meninges control the patterning of the skull and the fate of the sutures. For the brain, the meninges regulate diverse processes including cell survival, cell migration, generation of neurons from progenitors, and vascularization. Also, the meninges serve as a stem cell niche for the brain in the postnatal life. Given these important roles of the meninges, further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying meningeal development can provide novel insights into the coordinated development of the head.

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Section: Regulation Of Meningeal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental biology of the meninges

Dasgupta

Jeong

2019

Genesis

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“…Delayed ossification of the cranium results in wide-open fontanels and suture agenesis, while the accelerated growth of cranial bones causes suture obliteration and craniosynostosis disorders in humans [16]. Premature fusion of cranial bones in humans occurs in approximately 1 in 2,500 live births [17, 18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Morphogenesis of Cranial Sutures in Zebrafish

et al. 2016

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Using morphological, histological, and TEM analyses of the cranium, we provide a detailed description of bone and suture growth in zebrafish. Based on expression patterns and localization, we identified osteoblasts at different degrees of maturation. Our data confirm that, unlike in humans, zebrafish cranial sutures maintain lifelong patency to sustain skull growth. The cranial vault develops in a coordinated manner resulting in a structure that protects the brain. The zebrafish cranial roof parallels that of higher vertebrates and contains five major bones: one pair of frontal bones, one pair of parietal bones, and the supraoccipital bone. Parietal and frontal bones are formed by intramembranous ossification within a layer of mesenchyme positioned between the dermal mesenchyme and meninges surrounding the brain. The supraoccipital bone has an endochondral origin. Cranial bones are separated by connective tissue with a distinctive architecture of osteogenic cells and collagen fibrils. Here we show RNA in situ hybridization for col1a1a, col2a1a, col10a1, bglap/osteocalcin, fgfr1a, fgfr1b, fgfr2, fgfr3, foxq1, twist2, twist3, runx2a, runx2b, sp7/osterix, and spp1/ osteopontin, indicating that the expression of genes involved in suture development in mammals is preserved in zebrafish. We also present methods for examining the cranium and its sutures, which permit the study of the mechanisms involved in suture patency as well as their pathological obliteration. The model we develop has implications for the study of human disorders, including craniosynostosis, which affects 1 in 2,500 live births.

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“…26 However, data are lacking regarding the standardized threshold limit in segmentation to produce geometrically accurate rendering of pediatric calvarium that experiences the ossification process. 2,27 Mineralization continues into early adulthood, increasing the bone density and thickness. 27 In our preliminary studies, the defect size was dependent on the chosen threshold limit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Clinical experience has shown that ossification might occur for older patients. 3 Nevertheless, most patients having unossificated calvarial defects are older than 24 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting ossification of calvarial defects in craniosynostosis surgery by demineralized bone plate and bone dust in different age groups

Savolainen

Ritvanen

Hukki

et al. 2017

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery

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Summary Correction of calvarial defects after calvarial vault reconstruction (CVR) is challenging in craniosynostosis patients of advanced age and typically employs autologous bone. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a potential alternative material for autologous bone, but its use has not been extended to correct calvarial defects.CVR patients operated at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, during 2008e2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria of the study were CVR patients who received DBM plate, with or without bone dust, on calvarial defects and who had suitable uncovered defect on the contralateral side as control. This study included 17 craniosynostosis and one positional plagiocephaly patient, whose mean age was 6.9 years (range 0.9e19 years). The mean follow-up time was 5.6 years. The fusion degree of all defects was measured from 1 week to 1 year postoperatively using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) images by the OsiriX ª method. Medical records were reviewed for DBM-related complications.A total of 26 defects were covered with a DBM plate (mean area 11.1 cm 2 ) and 26 control defects were identified (mean area 7.8 cm 2 ). The mean fusion degree of the DBM defects was 74%and 54% for the controls (p < 0.001). The mean fusion degree of nine DBM defects that lacked bone dust deposition was 66% and 55% for the nine controls (p < 0.059). The difference between the DBM and control defects was statistically significant for patients older than 30 months (p < 0.03). No DBM-related complication was observed.

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Cranial Suture Biology

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Developmental biology of the meninges

Developmental biology of the meninges

The Morphogenesis of Cranial Sutures in Zebrafish

Promoting ossification of calvarial defects in craniosynostosis surgery by demineralized bone plate and bone dust in different age groups

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