Cranial nerve injuries in patients with moderate to severe head trauma – Analysis of 91,196 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® between 2008 and 2017

Huckhagel, Torge; Riedel, Christian; Rohde, Veit; Lefering, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107089

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the incidence rates of each cranial nerve injury by mechanism, by cause of trauma, and in patients with head and facial trauma (AIS ≥ 2 and AIS ≥ 3) were all <1% ( Table 2 ). In a study of moderate-to-severe head trauma that used the TraumaRegister DGU ® of the German Trauma Society, Huckhagel et al reported that cranial nerve injury was present in 1.0% of the total population [ 4 ]. Another study of a single hospital in China reported that that 9.1% of head trauma cases were complicated by cranial nerve injury [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jacobi et al reported that there was a link between the severity of the injury, fractures on the base of the skull, its foramina and channels, and the frequency of cranial nerve involvement in a long-term follow-up study of a pediatric head trauma cohort [ 2 ]. Huckhagel et al reported that skull base fractures were significantly more frequent in cerebral nerve injury patients (51.0%) than in control cases (23.5%; p < 0.001), with an odds ratio of 3.38 (95% confidence interval 2.97–3.84) for cerebral nerve injury in a study of patients with moderate to severe head trauma [ 4 ]. Coello et al recognized the predictive value of skull base fractures for a poor functional recovery in patients with cerebral nerve injury [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vital signs, such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory rate, were relatively stable, but the patients included those with a poor consciousness level at the time of arrival, probably due to the large number of head injury cases ( Table 3 ). In general, the more severe the head injury is, the more likely it is to cause cranial nerve damage [ 4 , 10 ]. Cranial nerve injuries were identified in 9 (75%) of 12 autopsies of fatal traffic-related head trauma cases [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports consisted of a few series concentrating on pediatric and adult head trauma patients with post-traumatic cranial nerve deficits [ 2 , 3 ]. Huckhagel et al used the TraumaRegister DGU ® of the German Trauma Society to investigate cranial nerve injuries in patients with moderate to severe head trauma and concluded that cranial nerve injuries rarely occur in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and that when present, they indicate a higher likelihood of functional impairment following primary care and that complicating skull base fractures should be suspected [ 4 ]. However, they did not examine trauma at the level of the individual cranial nerves (I: olfactory nerve—XII: hypoglossal nerve) in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and Characteristics of Cranial Nerve Injuries: A Nationwide Observational Study in Japan

Hirose

Kitamura

Katayama

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background: Large-scale data on cranial nerve injuries are scarce. Methods: This study enrolled 361,706 patients registered in the Japanese Trauma Data Bank from 2004 to 2018. We selected patients with cranial nerve injury using the corresponding Abbreviated Injury Scale codes and examined the incidence and characteristics. Results: In total, 347,101 patients were eligible for inclusion in our analysis. By mechanism of trauma, all cranial nerve injuries occurred in <1% of registered cases. The highest incidence was 0.2190% (55/25,117) for facial nerve injury in bicycle crash. By cause of trauma, all cranial nerve injuries occurred in <1% of registered cases. The highest incidence was 0.1943% (37/19,044) for facial nerve injury in occupational injury. No patients with spinal accessory nerve injury were observed. The most common cranial nerve injury was to the facial nerve (n = 278). Most cranial nerve injury patients are in the 30s to 50s age range, and there was a male predominance. Multiple cranial nerve injuries were observed in 81 patients. Many cranial nerve injury cases are complicated by skull base fractures. Conclusions: We revealed the incidence and characteristics of cranial nerve injury. Our findings may help physicians detect these injuries at an early stage in patients at risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence and Characteristics of Cranial Nerve Injuries: A Nationwide Observational Study in Japan

Hirose

Kitamura

Katayama

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Secara global cedera otak akibat trauma merupakan penyebab utama kematian, kecacatan jangka panjang, dan beban sosial ekonomi. 1,2 Hal tersebut membuat kondisi ini menjadi masalah mendesak bagi layanan kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. 2 Berdasarkan data diperkirakan setiap tahun terdapat 69 juta orang yang akan menderita traumatic brain injury (TBI).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Patomekanisme dan Insidensi Cedera Saraf Fasialis Perifer akibat Fraktur Dasar Kepala Tengah

Putri¹,

Prasetyo²,

Wagiu³

2023

MSJ

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Skull base fracture (SBF) was defined as a fracture implicating the base of the skull, and was divided into three types, namely: anterior, media, and posterior cranial base fractures. SBF could cause serious complications, and occurs mostly in the middle and anterior sections. This study aimed to determine the pathomechanism and incidence of facial nerve injury in patients with fractures of the middle skull base. This was a literature review study. The results obtained 14 journals that fulfilled the criteria. The incidence of mid-section SBF causing facial nerve injuries was 3.25% to 8%. Age was related to the mechanism of SBF. In adults and elderly, most SBF were caused by accidents. Facial nerve paralysis due to transverse fracture was more serious and often required surgical treatment. The most frequent onset of facial nerve paralysis was immediate paralysis. Longitudinal fracture had better recovery compared to transverse or mixed fractures. In conclusion, the incidence of mid-section SBF causing facial nerve injuries was 3.25% to 8%. SBF involving facial nerve injury was more prevalent in longitudinal fractures with labyrinth bone involvement in the inner ear; however, it has better recovery than transverse or mixed fractures. Keywords: skull base fracture; temporal bone fracture; facial nerve paralysis Abstrak: Patah tulang dasar kepala (PTDK) didefinisikan sebagai fraktur yang melibatkan dasar tengkorak. Terdapat tiga jenis PTDK, yaitu: fraktur basis kranii anterior, media, dan posterior. PTDK dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius dan paling banyak terjadi pada fraktur bagian tengah dan anterior. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui patomekanisme dan insiden cedera saraf fasialis (saraf kranial ketujuh) perifer pada penderita PTDK bagian tengah. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literatur review. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 14 jurnal yang sesuai dengan topik. Insiden PTDK bagian tengah yang menyebabkan cedera saraf fasialis sebesar 3,25%-8%. Usia berkaitan dengan mekanisme utama penyebab terjadinya PTDK, yaitu pada kalangan dewasa dan lansia sebagian besar disebabkan oleh kecelakaan. Kelumpuhan saraf fasialis pada fraktur transversal lebih serius dan sering membutuhkan perawatan bedah. Onset kelumpuhan saraf fasialis yang paling sering ialah kelumpuhan segera. Fraktur longitudinal memiliki pemulihan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan fraktur transversal atau campuran. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah insidensi PTDK bagian tengah yang menyebabkan cedera saraf fasialis sebesar 3,25%-8%. PTDK bagian tengah yang melibatkan cedera saraf fasialis paling banyak terjadi pada fraktur longitudinal dengan keterlibatan tulang labirin pada telinga bagian dalam namun dengan pemulihan yang lebih baik dibandingkan fraktur transversal atau campuran. Kata kunci: patah tulang dasar kepala; fraktur tulang temporal; kelumpuhan saraf fasialis perifer

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Traumatic Lesions of the Cranial Nerves

Lupescu,

Lupescu

2023

The Cranial Nerves in Neurology

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Cranial nerve injuries in patients with moderate to severe head trauma – Analysis of 91,196 patients from the TraumaRegister DGU® between 2008 and 2017

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Incidence and Characteristics of Cranial Nerve Injuries: A Nationwide Observational Study in Japan

Incidence and Characteristics of Cranial Nerve Injuries: A Nationwide Observational Study in Japan

Patomekanisme dan Insidensi Cedera Saraf Fasialis Perifer akibat Fraktur Dasar Kepala Tengah

Traumatic Lesions of the Cranial Nerves

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