Cranial nerve disorders: Clinical manifestations and topography

Jorquera, Manuela; Menéndez, Salomé Merino; Etessam, Jesús Porta; Vera, J. Escribano; Fuertes, M. Yus

doi:10.1016/j.rxeng.2018.12.005

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In children presenting with a congenital form of FCMS, there is a clinical overlap and common pathogenesis with other syndromes such as Worster-Drought syndrome [20]. The differential diagnosis of cranial nerve pathologies is diverse, and a thorough knowledge of their anatomy and function is fundamental to facilitate the diagnosis of this disorder [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of a Good Neurological Outcome following Traumatic Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome

Arki,

Degen,

Gruber

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Critical Care

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can have profound acute and chronic effects, leading to permanent disabilities and diminished quality of life. Pseudobulbar palsy and its infrequent subtype, Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome (FCMS), represent rare complications of TBI, manifesting as deficits in craniofacial motor function and automatic-voluntary dissociation. We present a case of a 58-year-old male who developed FCMS following severe TBI from a cycling accident. Initial imaging revealed extensive brain injury with subsequent development of FCMS characterised by bilateral cranial nerve dysfunction, notably facio-pharyngo-glosso-masticatory diplegia with preserved automatic motor function. This case contributes to the limited literature on traumatic FCMS, highlighting its distinct clinical features and potential for favourable outcomes compared to nontraumatic cases. Early recognition and comprehensive management, including supportive therapy and addressing underlying conditions, are paramount for optimising patient outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of a Good Neurological Outcome following Traumatic Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome

Arki,

Degen,

Gruber

et al. 2024

Case Reports in Critical Care

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“…Potentially, serious pathologies of the neck can result in cranial nerve (CN) palsy [7,9,14,15]. However, the detection of pathological conditions of cranial nerves represents a real challenge for clinicians since most patients do not present with specific signs and symptoms limited to the territory of one particular nerve [16,17].In addition, CN palsies typically manifest as transient neurological signs and symptoms, and often patients do not mention them spontaneously during the consultation because they are vague and subtle in their early manifestation [18]. Those signs and symptoms are identifiable during the patient's history with specific questioning or noticed during visual face inspection, allowing the clinician to support or not a medical referral [5,7,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognition of Prodromal Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Presenting with Neck Pain as Primary Complaint: Findings from a Rare Case Report in Direct Access Physiotherapy during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Mourad,

Milella,

Lullo

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Neck pain (NP) is the second most common musculoskeletal disorder. Spinal cysts (SCs) are cystic dilatations of the synovial sheaths in joints and tendons. SCs are extremely rare in the cervical spine. Typically, patients are unaware of having an SC due to its asymptomatic nature; however, when cervical SC extends, its volume could compress the surrounding structures, such as the hypoglossal nerve. Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy (HNP) is very rare and typically presents with unilateral atrophy of the musculature of the tongue and contralateral tongue deviation. Often, patients with HNP also report occipital/neck pain. A 75-year-old man with occipital/neck pain as a primary complaint. Although difficult to observe because of the filtering facepiece two mask, difficulties in articulation and sialorrhea during the interview were noticed. These latter were cues to consider CN examination that revealed CN XII palsy. This prompted a referral for further examination that revealed an SC compressing the right hypoglossal canal. The patient was not considered a surgical candidate and was managed conservatively. This case report outlines the relevant findings relating to the triage of a rare isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy from the physiotherapist’s perspective within a complex setting because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although referred with a diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy, our case highlights that skilled physiotherapists may play a fundamental role in both the recognition and, when applicable, subsequent novel management of a non-musculoskeletal presentation.

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Combined Deficit of the Four Lower Cranial Nerves also Known as the Syndrome of Collet-Sicard: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Beucler

2024

Asian J Neurosurg

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Combined deficit of the four lower cranial nerves (CN IX, X, XI, and XII) was originally described by French physicians Collet (1915) and Sicard (1917) during World War I. To date though, this rare neurological clinical picture lacks systematic evidence regarding its epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment strategies, and outcome. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis concerning Collet-Sicard syndrome (CSS) on Medline database in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The research yielded 84 articles among which 73 individual case reports were eventually retained. Mean age was 53.7 (± 16) years old and the male-to-female ratio was 1.8/1. CSS was firstly caused by tumors (38.4%), following by vascular etiologies (28.8%), trauma (16.4%), and infection (6.8%), among others. Temporary enteral nutrition was required for 17 patients (23.3%). The four CN presented significant chances of complete or partial recovery: 52.1% for CN IX (p < 0.001), 46.6% for CN X and CN XII (p < 0.001), and 39.7% for CN XI (p = 0.002). Tumoral causes presented significantly lower chances of favorable CN recovery (7.1%) compared to infection (60%), vascular (52.4%), and trauma (41.7%) (p < 0.001). Older age (> 53 years old) was not associated with a dismal CN prognostic (p = 0.763). Most patients (71.2%) presented a favorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score ≥ 4). All the patients who died (6.8%) suffered from skull base tumors. CSS is a rare condition requiring prompt clinical and radiologic diagnostic and multidisciplinary management. Vascular or infectious-related CSS seem to present a rather good prognostic, closely followed by trauma, whereas tumoral-related CSS seem to suffer from a more dismal prognostic.

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Cranial nerve disorders: Clinical manifestations and topography

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

A Rare Case of a Good Neurological Outcome following Traumatic Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome

A Rare Case of a Good Neurological Outcome following Traumatic Foix-Chavany-Marie Syndrome

Recognition of Prodromal Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Presenting with Neck Pain as Primary Complaint: Findings from a Rare Case Report in Direct Access Physiotherapy during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Combined Deficit of the Four Lower Cranial Nerves also Known as the Syndrome of Collet-Sicard: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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