Cracks and blisters formed in nanocrystalline tungsten films by helium implantation

Tian, Liyan; Liu, Pei; Li, Xuanze; Ma, Yuehui; Meng, Xianwei

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112879

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…More than half of the grains still had Taylor factor values greater than three, indicating that the tungsten fiber still had a certain degree of plasticity after irradiation. (5) The results of the nanoindentation test confirmed the radiation hardening. After irradiation, the hardness of the tungsten fibers increased by approximately 0.33 GPa, but this increase was relative compared to other tungsten-based materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Tungsten has the advantages of a high melting point, high thermal conductivity and low sputtering rate [4], and it has been identified as a divertor material for ITER, as well as being considered one of the most promising candidate plasma-facing materials (PFMs) for future fusion reactors [5,6]. However, as a metal with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure and because of its electronic structure, characteristics of inter atomic bonds and lattice resistance of dislocation stress field, pure tungsten materials have inherent brittleness at lower temperatures (high ductile-to-brittle transition temperature, DBTT) [7,8], brittleness caused by recrystallization [9] and neutron irradiation when used as PFMs [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Microstructural and Hardness Changes of Tungsten Fiber after Au2+ Irradiation

et al. 2023

Crystals

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Tungsten fiber-reinforced tungsten composite (Wf/W) material is considered a plasma-facing material (PFM) with good application prospects. Commercial tungsten wire (fiber) prepared through forging and drawing processes has excellent mechanical properties, as well as a very high recrystallization temperature due to the unique texture of it grain structure. Commercial tungsten fiber is the most proper reinforcement for Wf/W. The change in the properties of tungsten fiber because of neutron irradiation makes it inevitable for Wf/W to be used as PFMs. However, there is very little research on the change in the properties of tungsten fiber caused by neutron irradiation. In this work, we used heavy ion irradiation to simulate the displacement damage generated by neutron irradiation to explore the alteration of the properties of a commercial tungsten fiber caused by neutron irradiation. The investigated subject was tungsten fiber with a diameter of 300 μm. The irradiation source was 7.5 MeV Au2+, which generated a maximum displacement damage of 60 dpa at a depth of 400 nm, and the irradiation influenced depth was 1000 nm. Because of the irradiation, significant lattice distortion occurred within the tungsten fiber, resulting in the transition from (110) texture to (100) texture at the fiber’s cross-section. The results of the Schmidt factor and Taylor factor analysis indicate a decrease in the plasticity of the tungsten fiber after irradiation, but it did not completely lose its plasticity. The results of the nanoindentation test confirmed the radiation hardening. After irradiation, the hardness of the tungsten fiber increased by approximately 0.33 GPa, but this increase was relatively small compared to other tungsten-based materials. This indicates that commercial tungsten fiber is a low-cost and highly reliable reinforcement material for Wf/W composite materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microstructural and Hardness Changes of Tungsten Fiber after Au2+ Irradiation

et al. 2023

Crystals

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“…[5][6][7]. This damage alters the material microstructure caused by high-fluence implantation, such as blistering, cracks, and fuzz, and reduces the material's properties [5,[8][9][10][11][12]. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the implantation tolerance of materials to achieve a long-life nuclear reactor coupled with high safety and reliability [3,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Evolution of Nanocrystalline–Amorphous TiAl Biphase Films during Helium Ion Implantation

Liu

Tian

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Building nanocrystalline–amorphous biphase nanostructure has recently emerged as an advanced route to improve radiation tolerance, as the nanocrystalline–amorphous interface is expected to enhance the sink efficiencies of helium atoms. However, the structure evolution and degradation mechanisms during helium ion implantation in nanocrystalline–amorphous biphase films are still unclear. This study aimed to further understand these mechanisms through in situ observation of nanocrystalline–amorphous TiAl biphase films deposited via magnetron sputtering in a helium ion microscope. Results demonstrate that during the helium implantation process (the final fluence was 4 × 1017 ions cm−2), a partial swelling occurred in the implantation region without blisters, cracks, or exfoliation on the surface. The AFM and TEM results revealed that the partial bulge originated from the differential in the swelling rate between the amorphous and grain areas during helium ion implantation. These findings offer promising insights into designing radiation-tolerant materials for advanced nuclear reactors.

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“…W-Re alloys are known to improve ductility [18], and effectively suppress defects formed by neutron irradiation [19]. Meanwhile, recent studies have revealed that nanostructured tungsten and its alloys and composites, which contain a high grain boundary (GB) density, are irradiation damage tolerant since GBs serve as effective trapping sites for irradiation-induced defects [20][21][22]. For instance, Heion irradiated nanochannel W films effectively release He atoms to GBs, resulting in a lower areal density of He bubbles [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinatorial Discovery of Irradiation Damage Tolerant Nano-structured W-based alloys

Jo¹,

Park²,

You³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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One of the challenges in fusion reactors is the discovery of plasma facing materials capable of withstanding extreme conditions, such as radiation damage and high heat flux. Development of fusion materials can be a daunting task since vast combinations of microstructures and compositions need to be explored, each of which requires trial-and-error based irradiation experiments and materials characterizations. Here, we utilize combinatorial experiments that allow rapid and systematic characterizations of composition-microstructure dependent irradiation damage behaviors of nanostructured tungsten alloys. The combinatorial materials library of W-Re-Ta alloys was synthesized, followed by the high-throughput experiments for probing irradiation damages to the mechanical, thermal, and structural properties of the alloys. This highly efficient technique allows rapid identification of composition ranges with excellent damage tolerance. We find that the distribution of implanted He clusters can be significantly altered by the addition of Ta and Re, which play a critical role in determining property changes upon irradiation.

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Cracks and blisters formed in nanocrystalline tungsten films by helium implantation

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

The Microstructural and Hardness Changes of Tungsten Fiber after Au2+ Irradiation

The Microstructural and Hardness Changes of Tungsten Fiber after Au2+ Irradiation

Structure Evolution of Nanocrystalline–Amorphous TiAl Biphase Films during Helium Ion Implantation

Combinatorial Discovery of Irradiation Damage Tolerant Nano-structured W-based alloys

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