Abstract:In the present paper, a simple mechanical model is developed to predict the dynamic response of a cracked structure subjected to periodic excitation, which has been used to identify the physical mechanisms in leading the growth or arrest of cracking. The structure under consideration consists of a beam with a crack along the axis, and thus, the crack may open in Mode I and in the axial direction propagate when the beam vibrates. In this paper, the system is modeled as a cantilever beam lying on a partial elast… Show more
“…Reference [31] presents a proof that only the cuton frequency can exist for a finite length beam resting on an elastic foundation. Because the cut-on frequency is the only frequency for the eigenfrequency for the system, the solution forms of Eq.…”
Section: Equations Of Motion and Eigenfrequenciesmentioning
The eigenvalue problems of the buckling loads and natural frequencies of a braced beam on an elastic foundation are investigated. The exact solutions for the eigenvalues are presented. The eigenvalues vary with the different parameters and are especially sensitive to the brace location. As the beam of a continuous system has infinite eigenvalues and these eigenvalues are influenced differently by a brace, the eigenvalues show rich variation patterns. Because these eigenvalues physically correspond to the structure buckling loads and natural frequencies, the study on the eigenvalues variation patterns can offer a design guidance of using a lateral brace of translation spring to strengthen the structure.
“…Reference [31] presents a proof that only the cuton frequency can exist for a finite length beam resting on an elastic foundation. Because the cut-on frequency is the only frequency for the eigenfrequency for the system, the solution forms of Eq.…”
Section: Equations Of Motion and Eigenfrequenciesmentioning
The eigenvalue problems of the buckling loads and natural frequencies of a braced beam on an elastic foundation are investigated. The exact solutions for the eigenvalues are presented. The eigenvalues vary with the different parameters and are especially sensitive to the brace location. As the beam of a continuous system has infinite eigenvalues and these eigenvalues are influenced differently by a brace, the eigenvalues show rich variation patterns. Because these eigenvalues physically correspond to the structure buckling loads and natural frequencies, the study on the eigenvalues variation patterns can offer a design guidance of using a lateral brace of translation spring to strengthen the structure.
“…The purpose of introducing the Heaviside function is to define the action domain of the deposition layer, which is similar to the case of using the Heaviside function to differentiate the cracked and uncracked area in Ref. [25]. The above modeling of the effect of the interfacial stress is from the third model presented in Ref.…”
Effects of deposition layer position and number/density on local bending of a thin film are systematically investigated. Because the deposition layer interacts with the thin film at the interface and there is an offset between the thin film neutral surface and the interface, the deposition layer generates not only axial stress but also bending moment. The bending moment induces an instant out-of-plane deflection of the thin film, which may or may not cause the socalled local bending. The deposition layer is modeled as a local stressor, whose location and density are demonstrated to be vital to the occurrence of local bending. The thin film rests on a viscous layer, which is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation and behaves like an elastic foundation to exert transverse forces on the thin film. The unknown feature of the axial constraint force makes the governing equation highly nonlinear even for the small deflection case. The constraint force and film transverse deflection are solved iteratively through the governing equation and the displacement constraint equation of immovable edges. This research shows that in some special cases, the deposition density increase does not necessarily reduce the local bending. By comparing the thin film deflections of different deposition numbers and positions, we also present the guideline of strengthening or suppressing the local bending.
“…In the viewpoint of fracture mechanics, negative H 1 and H 2 are the critical normal crack opening displacements. 52,53 In the adhesive contact of spheres, the circular contact zone is divided into two parts: the inner circular compressive zone and outer annulus tensile zone. 30,37 Similarly, because the contact pressure here is kW 2 , close to the two separation points there are two small areas with tensile contact pressure.…”
Section: K 3 : Spring Stiffness Of Nb/substrate Contactmentioning
A three-spring-in-series model is proposed for the nanobelt ͑NB͒ indentation test. Compared with the previous two-spring-in-series model, which considers the bending stiffness of atomic force microscope cantilever and the indenter/NB contact stiffness, this model adds a third spring of the NB/substrate contact stiffness. NB is highly flexural due to its large aspect ratio of length to thickness. The bending and lift-off of NB form a localized contact with substrate, which makes the Oliver-Pharr method ͓W. C. Oliver and G. M. Pharr, J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 ͑1992͔͒ and Sneddon method ͓I. N. Sneddon, Int. J. Eng. Sci. 3, 47 ͑1965͔͒ inappropriate for NB indentation test. Because the NB/substrate deformation may have significant impact on the force-indentation depth data obtained in experiment, the two-spring-in-series model can lead to erroneous predictions on the NB mechanical properties. NB in indentation test can be susceptible to the adhesion influence because of its large surface area to volume ratio. NB/substrate contact and adhesion can have direct and significant impact on the interpretation of experimental data. Through the three-spring-in-series model, the influence of NB/substrate contact and adhesion is analyzed and methods of reducing such influence are also suggested.
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