Crack opening displacement approach to assess multiaxial low cycle fatigue

Effect of cyclic plastic strain on fatigue crack growth

“…Research began with investigations of loading cases with fixed principal axes: Biaxial and proportional loading [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. The common feature of most of these modelling approaches is that the driving force parameters are composed of two factors: a function of the crack length and the hardening exponent together with the ranges of the far-field loading.…”

Advanced Methods of Fatigue Assessment

“…For the biaxial loading case, a 'universal' DJ-integral has been proposed which is claimed to have the material dependency eliminated (Tchankov et al 2008):…”

Extremely-low-cycle fatigue behaviors of Cu and Cu–Al alloys: Damage mechanisms and life prediction

“…In fact, models sharing similar ideas have been proposed since the 1920s [33], and gradually formed corresponding modeling systems [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. Typical achievements including the well-known Smith, Watson and Topper (SWT) model proposed in 1970 [37], which first considered the influence of the average stress.…”

“…Another model is one concerning the hysteretic plastic work, which was proposed by Santner and Fine [38]; in this model, a relationship between the hysteretic plastic work and the fatigue life had been built up in a form similar to the Coffin-Manson law. Notably, models with energy-based criteria have been applied successfully to unstable or complicated loading conditions such as non-regular loadings [39,40] and multiaxial fatigue tests [41][42][43][44][45], while dealing with those conditions is a significant problem in the ELCF life prediction. However, except for those advantages, the earlier hysteresis energy models also have certain shortcomings.…”