Crack Growth Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Steel—Influence of Build Orientation and Heat Treatment

Kluczyński, Janusz; Śnieżek, Lucjan; Grzelak, Krzysztof; Torzewski, Janusz; Szachogłuchowicz, Ireneusz; Wachowski, Marcin; Łuszczek, Jakub

doi:10.3390/ma13153259

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Further, residual stress on other surface characteristics, such as corrosion behavior [49], wear rate, and microstructure evolution reported some controversy. Additionally, there are some new types of approaches in the measurement of residual stress of AM part suggested by Kluczy ński et al [94,95], which significantly affect the fatigue properties of AM-made 316L steel [96][97][98], which was shown in the co-authors' own work. Hence, more work is required to explore the residual stress influences on corrosion behavior, wear rate, and microstructure evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Powder-Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of SS316L

et al. 2021

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the recently studied research areas, due to its ability to eliminate different subtractive manufacturing limitations, such as difficultly in fabricating complex parts, material wastage, and numbers of sequential operations. Laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) AM for SS316L is known for complex part production due to layer-by-layer deposition and is extensively used in the aerospace, automobile, and medical sectors. The process parameter selection is crucial for deciding the overall quality of the SS316L build component with L-PBF AM. This review critically elaborates the effect of various input parameters, i.e., laser power, scanning speed, hatch spacing, and layer thickness, on various mechanical properties of AM SS316L, such as tensile strength, hardness, and the effect of porosity, along with the microstructure evolution. The effect of other AM parameters, such as the build orientation, pre-heating temperature, and particle size, on the build properties is also discussed. The scope of this review also concerns the challenges in practical applications of AM SS316L. Hence, the residual stress formation, their influence on the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the AM build part for bio implant application is also considered. This review involves a detailed comparison of properties achievable with different AM techniques and various post-processing techniques, such as heat treatment and grain refinement effects on properties. This review would help in selecting suitable process parameters for various human body implants and many different applications. This study would also help to better understand the effect of each process parameter of PBF-AM on the SS316L build part quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Powder-Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of SS316L

et al. 2021

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“…Nowadays, trends in professional AM system development are mostly focused on the manufacturing of final products [ 10 ]. It is strictly related to a huge amount of research works connected with AM process analysis and data about the influence of different factors on the mechanical properties of produced parts [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Analysis of Additively Manufactured Slipper-Retainer in the Axial Piston Pump

et al. 2022

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Additive manufacturing (AM) of spare parts is going to become more and more common. In the case of hydraulic solutions, there are also some applications of AM technology related to topological optimization, anti-cavitation improvements, etc. An examination of all available research results shows that authors are using specialized tools and machines to properly prepare AM spare parts. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of quick repair of the damaged slipper-retainer from an axial piston pump by using an AM spare part. Hence, it was prepared with a 100-h test campaign of the AM spare part, which covers the time between damage and supply of the new pump. The material of the slipper-retainer has been identified and replaced by another material—available as a powder for AM, with similar properties as the original. The obtained spare part had been subjected to sandblasting only to simulate extremely rough conditions, directly after the AM process and an analysis of the influence of the high surface roughness of AM part on wear measurements. The whole test campaign has been divided into nine stages. After each stage, microscopic measurements of the pump parts’ surface roughness were made. To determine roughness with proper measurements, a microscopical investigation was conducted. The final results revealed that it is possible to replace parts in hydraulic pumps with the use of AM. The whole test campaign caused a significant increase in the surface roughness of the pump’s original parts, which was worked with the AM spare slipper-retainer: (1) from Ra = 0.54 µm to Ra = 3.84 µm in the case of two tested pistons; (2) from Ra = 0.33 µm to Ra = 1.98 µm in the case of the slipper-retainer. Despite significant increases in the surface roughness of the pump’s parts, the whole test campaign has been successfully finished without any damages to the other important parts of the whole hydraulic test rig.

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“…Present trends in professional AM systems development are mostly focused on the usage of that kind of technology in final products [10]. It is strictly connected with a huge amount of research works connected with AM process analysis and data about the influence of different factors on the mechanical properties of produced parts [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Verboeket et al [19] indicated that the form of AM technologies development allowed for growth in its direct usage for final product production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Analysis of Additively Manufactured Slipper-Retainer in the Axial Piston Pump

Klimek¹,

Kluczyński²,

Łuszczek³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The paper contains the results of the 100-hour test campaign of the Additive Manufactured (AM) spare part (retainer – slipper) dedicated for an exact axial piston pump. The material of the retainer-slipper has been identified by using energy dispersive spectroscopy and replaced by other – with similar material properties as the original one. The obtained spare part had been subjected to only one postprocessing type (sandblasting) to analyze the influence of the rough part after the AM process. The whole test campaign has been divided into stages, where after each stage microscopic measurements have been made. During microscopical investigation roughness and geometrical measurements were conducted. The results revealed that it is possible to replace parts in hydraulic pumps with the use of AM. 100-hour test campaign caused about 500% increase in the surface roughness of the pump’s original part which was cooperated with the AM spare retainer-slipper, without any damages to the test system.

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Crack Growth Behavior of Additively Manufactured 316L Steel—Influence of Build Orientation and Heat Treatment

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

A Critical Review on Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Powder-Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of SS316L

A Critical Review on Effect of Process Parameters on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Powder-Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of SS316L

Wear Analysis of Additively Manufactured Slipper-Retainer in the Axial Piston Pump

Wear Analysis of Additively Manufactured Slipper-Retainer in the Axial Piston Pump

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