CPSS using Dynamic Spectrum Accessibility on the Blockchain over Non-Real-Time Data

Abstract

Due to being dependent on wireless transmission through various devices for big data sharing in Cyber-PhysicalSocial Systems (CPSSs), radio spectrum resources are seriously in limited availability. Despite the fact that license-free access to the spectrum offers a great deal of promise to reduce the developing shortage of spectrum resources, competition for spectrum is more fierce due to the laxer access regulations. A dynamic cycle of "competition-verification-synchronization-competition" may be introduced by a blockchain technology to address this problem of competition. In this study, we offer a general architecture for managing license-free spectrum resources in CPSSs using blockchain and smart contracts. We precisely partition the spectrum of a local cell into numerous channels, each of which is equivalent to a blockchain. Next, we propose a blockchain-KM protocol that could expedite transaction processing while maintaining a generic blockchain's core features. Users of the Blockchain-KM protocol must mine or lease wireless spectrum, and the entire private chain is transformed into a multi-ring blockchain. In contrast to the conventional mining method, the prize in our mining process includes both a spectrum access licence and virtual currency. Once a miner has secured a permit for spectrum access, it will use the permit to send messages through wireless networks. If a miner decides not to send messages, it may sell its permit at auction. During the auction, we provide a virtual currency called Xcoin for trading spectrums or other items.