Coxsackievirus B infections are common in Cystic Fibrosis and experimental evidence supports protection by vaccination

Stone, Virginia M.; Utorova, Renata; Butrym, Marta; Sioofy‐Khojine, Amir‐Babak; Hankaniemi, Minna M.; Ringqvist, Emma; Blanter, Marfa; Hui, Nan; Pincikova, T.; Fischler, Björn; Karpati, Ferenc; Hytönen, Vesa P.; Hyöty, Heikki; Hjelte, Lena; Flodström‐Tullberg, Malin

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105070

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition to the polio and EV-A71 vaccine clinical trials, a first-in-human phase 1 study was recently conducted with a multivalent CVB inactivated virus vaccine. This vaccine, based on our vaccine platform and promising preclinical studies [ 155 – 160 ], targets several strains of CVBs associated with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The phase 1 study suggested that the vaccine is well tolerated and elicits virus-neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated individuals [ 161 ].…”

Section: Enterovirus Vaccines In Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technology is based on production of inactive viruses where the infectivity of the virus is destroyed either by a chemical (such as formalin [ 155 ] or beta-propiolactone [ 184 ]) or irradiation. We have developed inactivated virus vaccines for the six CVBs and demonstrated their safety and efficacy as monovalent [ 155 – 160 ] and multivalent [ 158 ] vaccines in animal models. Based on these studies, a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled Phase I trial for multivalent CVB vaccine targeting serotypes associated with type 1 diabetes has been completed [ 161 ].…”

Section: Enterovirus Vaccines In Research and Development Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteroviruses: epidemic potential, challenges and opportunities with vaccines

Jartti,

Flodström-Tullberg,

Hankaniemi

2024

J Biomed Sci

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Enteroviruses (EVs) are the most prevalent viruses in humans. EVs can cause a range of acute symptoms, from mild common colds to severe systemic infections such as meningitis, myocarditis, and flaccid paralysis. They can also lead to chronic diseases such as cardiomyopathy. Although more than 280 human EV serotypes exist, only four serotypes have licenced vaccines. No antiviral drugs are available to treat EV infections, and global surveillance of EVs has not been effectively coordinated. Therefore, poliovirus still circulates, and there have been alarming epidemics of non-polio enteroviruses. Thus, there is a pressing need for coordinated preparedness efforts against EVs.This review provides a perspective on recent enterovirus outbreaks and global poliovirus eradication efforts with continuous vaccine development initiatives. It also provides insights into the challenges and opportunities in EV vaccine development. Given that traditional whole-virus vaccine technologies are not suitable for many clinically relevant EVs and considering the ongoing risk of enterovirus outbreaks and the potential for new emerging pathogenic strains, the need for new effective and adaptable enterovirus vaccines is emphasized.This review also explores the difficulties in translating promising vaccine candidates for clinical use and summarizes information from published literature and clinical trial databases focusing on existing enterovirus vaccines, ongoing clinical trials, the obstacles faced in vaccine development as well as the emergence of new vaccine technologies. Overall, this review contributes to the understanding of enterovirus vaccines, their role in public health, and their significance as a tool for future preparedness.

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Section: Enterovirus Vaccines In Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enterovirus Vaccines In Research and Development Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Enteroviruses: epidemic potential, challenges and opportunities with vaccines

Jartti,

Flodström-Tullberg,

Hankaniemi

2024

J Biomed Sci

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“…Coxsackie B virus, a picornavirus that can replicate in the respiratory tract and cause a variety of ailments, including a sore throat and other respiratory conditions ( 72 ), has been shown to inhibit the expression of IFN-λ by impairing the phosphorylation of IRF3 and the expression of TRIF and IPS1 ( 73 ). In addition, coxsackie B virus 3 inhibits IFN production by cleavage of eukaryotic initiation factor 4G, MAVS, and TRIF ( 74 ).…”

Section: Inhibition Of Ifn-λ By Respiratory Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Landscape of IFN-λ: Induction, Inhibition, and Potential Clinical Applications to Treat Respiratory Viral Infections

Martínez-Espinoza

Guerrero-Plata

2023

ImmunoHorizons

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IFN-λ or type III IFN is an important mediator of antiviral response. Several respiratory viruses induce the production of IFN-λ during their course of infection. However, they have also developed intricate mechanisms to inhibit its expression and activity. Despite a considerable amount of research on the regulatory mechanisms of respiratory viruses on the IFN-λ response, little is still known about the effect of this cytokine on immune cells and the antiviral effects of all IFN-λ isoforms, and a better understanding of the detrimental effects of IFN-λ treatment is required. Here we highlight the relevance of IFN-λ as an antiviral cytokine in the respiratory tract. Data from studies in vitro, ex vivo, experimental animal models, and ongoing clinical trials emphasize the therapeutic opportunity that IFN-λ represents to treat and prevent different types of respiratory viral infections.

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