Coxsackievirus B Epidemic at a Boys' Summer Camp

Hawley, H. Bradford

doi:10.1001/jama.1973.03230010011002

Cited by 59 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Danes et al (1983) stated that there was a high incidence of enteroviral infections among children aged 5-16 years, but did not provide data for the incidence to be calculated. Some patterns can be seen among cases reported by age (D'Alessio et al, 1981;Miyama et al, 1992;Oostvort et al, 1994), gender (Oostvort et al, 1994;Rodriguez et al, 1997), and proximity to the index case (Hawley et al, 1973;Oostvort et al, 1994;Van der Avoort et al, 1995). Typically, cases were younger children, men, or persons in close contact with index cases.…”

Section: Qualitative Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not all of these reports concluded that recreational water was the source of infection. There is more evidence that rules out waterborne transmission (Field et al, 1968;Hawley et al, 1973;Danes et al, 1983;Oostvort et al, 1994;Mulders et al, 1997, Rodriguez et al, 1997Gosbell et al, 2000) or is not definitive (Matsura et al, 1984;Rumke et al, 1995) than there is evidence that is suggestive (D'Alessio et al, 1981) or definitive (Kee et al, 1994) for transmission of enteroviruses through recreational water.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The symptoms included headache, fever, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, unspecified gastrointestinal symptoms, and pharyngitis (Hawley et al, 1973;D'Alessio et al, 1981;Kee et al, 1994). Danes et al (1983) stated that there was a high incidence of enteroviral infections among children aged 5-16 years, but did not provide data for the incidence to be calculated.…”

Section: Qualitative Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary transmission reportedly occurred in coxsackievirus B5 (Hawley et al, 1973) and echovirus type 30 (Gosbell et al, 2000) outbreaks and was probably low in a set of cases with coxsackievirus A and B and/or echovirus infections (D'Alessio et al, 1981). Kee et al (1994) indicated that 26% (12 of 46) of their echovirus type 30 cases were probably secondary cases.…”

Section: Extent Of Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other Related risk factors noted in the epidemiological literature on recreational water exposures include swimming, frequency of swimming, head immersion during swimming, and swallowing recreational water (Hawley et al, 1973;Denis et al, 1974;D'Alessio et al, 1981). It should be noted that these factors tend to be age-related behaviors and may be more common among young males.…”

Section: Extent Of Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Incorporating susceptible subpopulations in microbial risk assessment: pediatric exposures to enteroviruses in river water

Parkin

Soller²,

Olivieri³

2003

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The City of Stockton, California operates a wastewater treatment facility that discharges treated effluent to the San Joaquin River. During a recent discharge permit renewal, the question was raised whether pathogenic microorganisms in the effluent may cause an unacceptably high health risk for body contact recreation in the vicinity of the discharge. An investigation was initiated to characterize the risk to public health via body contact recreation in the San Joaquin River under various flow and treatment scenarios. In this investigation, a disease transmission model was applied to quantitatively characterize the relative risk associated with various treatment and flow scenarios for the City of Stockton's wastewater treatment facility. An important component of the investigation was to assess the feasibility of quantitatively characterizing the risk to highly susceptible subpopulations for effluent-related exposures to enteroviruses. This paper presents the methods used to conduct the feasibility assessment, the conclusions drawn for this project, and our recommendations to improve exposure assessments of susceptible subpopulations' contact with microbial pathogens in recreational water.

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Section: Qualitative Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extent Of Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extent Of Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Incorporating susceptible subpopulations in microbial risk assessment: pediatric exposures to enteroviruses in river water

Parkin

Soller²,

Olivieri³

2003

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Coxsackievirus B Epidemic at a Boys' Camp

Schiff¹

1979

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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\s=b\An epidemic of coxsackievirus B2 infections occurred at a boys' summer camp. The resulting illness was characterized by malaise, headache, muscle pain, and high fever that persisted for four to six days. The boy in the index case arrived at the camp the first day of the season. The attack rate was 89% among campers and 47% among counselors. The spread of infections appeared to be on a person-to-person basis and in a disorderly fashion. Unusual features of the epidemic included the high attack rate, restriction of infection to the camp residents, and evidence of prolonged pharyngeal viral shedding. Conditions at camps are ripe for similar epidemics and the potential problem is greater than is generally realized.(Am J Dis Child 133: [782][783][784][785] 1979) During the past 20 years as a physi¬ cian at a boys' summer camp, I have been impressed with the amount of infectious illness that has occurred among the camp residents and the rather extensive nature of the spread of illness. Because of limited medical facilities and the mildness of most of the illnesses, little was done in most years to identify specific causes and treatment has generally been suppor¬ tive in nature. However, in several years, etiological studies were done and epidemics of adenovirus, MycoFrom The

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Aseptic Meningitis Among Members of a High School Football Team

Baron¹

1982

JAMA

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Coxsackievirus B Epidemic at a Boys' Summer Camp

Cited by 59 publications

References 11 publications

Incorporating susceptible subpopulations in microbial risk assessment: pediatric exposures to enteroviruses in river water

Incorporating susceptible subpopulations in microbial risk assessment: pediatric exposures to enteroviruses in river water

Coxsackievirus B Epidemic at a Boys' Camp

Aseptic Meningitis Among Members of a High School Football Team

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