Cow’s milk-induced gastrointestinal disorders: From infancy to adulthood

Abstract

Milk is related to many gastrointestinal disorders from the cradle to the grave due to the many milk ingredients that can trigger gastrointestinal discomfort and disorders. Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most common food allergy, especially in infancy and childhood, which may persist into adulthood. There are three main types of CMPA; immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated CMPA, non-IgE-mediated CMPA, and mixed type. CMPA appears before the first birthday in almost all cases. Symptoms may start even during the neonatal period and can be severe enough to simulate neonatal sepsis. CMPA (often non-IgE mediated) can present with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, eosinophilic esophagitis, hemorrhagic gastritis, food protein-induced protein-losing enteropathy, and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Most CMPAs are benign and outgrown during childhood. CMPA is not as common in adults as in children, but when present, it is usually severe with a protracted course. Lactose intolerance is a prevalent condition characterized by the development of many symptoms related to the consumption of foods containing lactose. Lactose intolerance has four typical types: Developmental, congenital, primary, and secondary. Lactose intolerance and CMPA may be the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms for many functional gastrointestinal disorders in children and adults. They are also common in inflammatory bowel diseases. Milk consumption may have preventive or promoter effects on cancer development. Milk may also become a source of microbial infection in humans, causing a wide array of diseases, and may help increase the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. This editorial summarizes the common milk-related disorders and their symptoms from childhood to adulthood.

Effectiveness of Postural Therapy in Infants With Frequent Intestinal Colic

“…We did not investigate the effect of cow's milk in the diet of a nursing mother on the incidence of intestinal colic in infants, but research [22][23][24] documented the effectiveness of removing cow's milk from the diet of a formula-fed infant and from the diet of a nursing mother. There are educational programs for preparing parents to deal with children's colic [25][26][27].…”

Mexican consensus on cow’s milk protein allergy

“…During the cow's milk protein elimination diet, the mother may reduce her intake of foods that are high in vitamin D and calcium, such as dairy products. 41 As a result, there may be a risk of deficiency of these nutrients if measures are not taken to compensate for this reduction. 41 To date, evidence is limited to a single publication by Adams et al, which studied the impact of food allergy elimination diets on maternal health.…”

“…41 As a result, there may be a risk of deficiency of these nutrients if measures are not taken to compensate for this reduction. 41 To date, evidence is limited to a single publication by Adams et al, which studied the impact of food allergy elimination diets on maternal health. 42 The results indicated that anthropometric and bone density measurements, as well as indices of iron, protein, and lipid metabolism, and trace elements, were comparable and within the normal range between the two groups.…”

Exploring the secretion of immunogenic gluten peptides in breast milk from celiac and non celiac mothers

“…This result was expected, given that cow milk proteins are not only present in dairy products and their derivatives, but are also widely incorporated into a myriad of manufactured items such as bread, cold cuts, sausages, frozen fish, sweeteners, preserves, and medicines. Additionally, numerous additives used in the food industry are derived from milk [49].…”