Cow’s Milk Allergy May Induce Lipid Metabolism Disorder in BALB/c Mice via Exosomes

Abstract

Allergic diseases and lipid-metabolism-disorder-derived diseases are both significant public health issues. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are associated with the course of allergic diseases and are involved in lipid metabolism. In this study, exosomes derived from cow's milk allergic (CMA) mice medially loaded lesser proteins favoring cholesterol metabolism. The levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) in the serum were increased in the CMA mice, and hepatic lipid deposition was observed in the liver, but these phenomena were improved by inhibiting the exosome release. Specifically, the higher expression of the sterol regulatory element binding factor 2 (SREBP2) protein and HMGCR gene in the liver of CMA mice indicated an increase in cholesterol synthesis. NPC1L1 was also highly expressed in the small intestine of CMA mice, and fecal TC level was decreased, suggesting that the reabsorption of cholesterol was elevated. The biosynthesis of cholesterol, the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process, and the synthesis of bile acid in the liver were improved by inhibiting exosome release, as well as the reabsorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. This study has for the first time demonstrated the lipid metabolism disorder caused by CMA, especially the important role of exosomes in food allergies and lipid metabolism.

Combined UPLC–QqQ-MS/MS and AP-MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Method for Phospholipidomics in Obese Mouse Kidneys: Alleviation by Feeding Sea Cucumber Phospholipids

“…Lipid metabolism disorder represents an imbalance in lipid homeostasis, encompassing aberrations in lipid accumulation, lipogenesis, and disorders in fatty acid beta-oxidation. , Dysregulation of lipid homeostasis can precipitate obesity, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or other metabolism-related disorders. , In this study, the levels of each phospholipid class were increased in the HFD group. As shown in Figure A, compared with the ND group, the levels of LPC, LPE, PC, PE, and PG were significantly increased in the HFD group ( p < 0.001), and PS and PI were increased to some extent, although there was no significant difference, which indicated that HFD led to deregulated lipid metabolism in the mouse kidneys.…”