COVID and college: how the pandemic impacted alcohol use disorder status among students

Sheerin, Christina M.; Kuo, Sally I‐Chun; Smith, Rebecca L.; Bannard, Thomas; Gentry, Amanda Elswick; Vassileva, Jasmin; Dick, Danielle M.; Amstadter, Ananda B.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2022.2133963

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Early COVID-19 measures broadly appeared to negatively affect US college student moods (Copeland et al, 2021), though these effects appeared to dissipate around July 2020 (Li et al, 2021). Research also suggests students with greater psychiatric difficulties, who may more closely represent students high in NU, tended to resist decreases in early-pandemic alcohol use that were observed in the general student population (Irizar et al, 2021;Sheerin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early COVID‐19 measures broadly appeared to negatively affect US college student moods (Copeland et al., 2021), though these effects appeared to dissipate around July 2020 (Li et al., 2021). Research also suggests students with greater psychiatric difficulties, who may more closely represent students high in NU, tended to resist decreases in early‐pandemic alcohol use that were observed in the general student population (Irizar et al., 2021; Sheerin et al., 2022). When considering the present study, this research indicates early COVID‐19 measures (e.g., lockdowns) could have reduced baseline moods for a portion of the sample, which in turn would be expected to enhance the likelihood of hypothesized effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of negative urgency and mood inductions on alcohol cognitions

Wolkowicz,

Augur,

Ham

2024

Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research

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BackgroundNegative urgency (NU), the tendency to act rashly during negative emotional states, is a robust risk factor for alcohol misuse that is posited to function in part through alcohol‐related cognitions. Nonetheless, relatively little research has examined mood‐based fluctuations in such cognitions, which could help to explain how the trait of NU translates to impulsive alcohol‐related behaviors. We examined how NU impacted several alcohol cognitions (positive/negative alcohol expectancies, positive/negative alcohol valuations, and alcohol craving for positive/negative emotional reinforcement) before and after negative, neutral, or positive mood inductions. We hypothesized that NU would predict greater and more favorable endorsement of alcohol and its effects following negative (vs. positive or neutral) mood induction.MethodsParticipants (N = 428) were southern‐midwestern college students recruited for an online experiment. Following the provision of consent, participants rated NU and preinduction alcohol cognitions, and were then randomly assigned to one of three (negative, neutral, or positive) mood inductions; subsequently, postinduction alcohol‐cognition ratings were immediately obtained. We conducted six robust multilevel linear models (one per DV) examining NU's influence on within‐person changes in alcohol cognitions across each mood induction.ResultsNo three‐way interactions were identified and only one two‐way interaction involving NU was identified. There were main effects across mood induction conditions and time points for NU predicting greater endorsement of positive and negative alcohol outcome expectancies, and greater alcohol craving for positive and negative emotional reinforcement.ConclusionsGreater NU predicts greater perceived likelihood of alcohol's effects, alongside greater desire for mood improvement from alcohol. The absence of three‐way interactive effects indicates NU's influence on mood‐dependent fluctuations in alcohol cognitions may manifest over longer timescales (e.g., months and years), involve alternative cognitive processes (e.g., drinking motives and implicit alcohol cognitions), and apply more broadly to desires for mood improvement than purely negative emotional reinforcement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of negative urgency and mood inductions on alcohol cognitions

Wolkowicz,

Augur,

Ham

2024

Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research

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Exploring Resilience Among College Students in Recovery from Substance Misuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Broman,

Wernekinck

2024

ADV RES SCI

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Research has shown that both college students and people in recovery from substance use disorder were adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, mental health and substance use challenges accrued for each group. However, less is known about how people who are both college students and in recovery experienced the pandemic. And, generally, little is known about the experiences of college students in recovery without access to the institutional support of a collegiate recovery program. We conducted a study including college students in recovery on a campus without a collegiate recovery program (N = 17) to explore how students experienced adversity during the pandemic and how they demonstrated resilience in overcoming adversity. We utilized thematic analysis to document patterns in the data. Students grappled with attrition from their recovery communities, loss of personal connections, and substance use and mental health challenges. To mitigate these hardships, students employed strategies to avoid substance use, applied principles of recovery programs, took advantage of new resources for recovery, and found ways to maintain connection with some supports. Our findings, documenting the resilience shown by these college students, can be utilized to improve collegiate recovery services, with an eye toward the ongoing popularity of virtual learning and toward potential future disruptive events.

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Characteristics of students participating in collegiate recovery programs and the impact of COVID-19: an updated national longitudinal study

Smith

Bannard

McDaniel

et al. 2023

Addiction Research & Theory

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The goals of the present study were to use data from the first national longitudinal study of students in collegiate recovery programs (CRPs) to 1) provide an updated characterization of CRP students, with respect to demographics and past problem severity; 2) characterize current psychosocial functioning and examine changes in functioning over time; and 3) examine the impact of COVID-19 on CRP students. Data came from a longitudinal cohort study focused on the impact of CRPs on participating students' success initiated in fall 2020. Four-year universities and community colleges with CRPs were invited to be partners on this project. Three cohorts of participants were recruited. All participants who completed the baseline survey (N = 334) were invited to complete follow-up surveys. The sample was composed of mostly White, cisgender undergraduate students with an average age of 29 years at baseline. CRP students generally reported challenging personal and academic histories, including high levels of polysubstance use and substance problem severity. They evidenced high levels of current psychosocial functioning. Recovery-related functioning (i.e., recovery capital, quality of life) was generally high at baseline and decreased slightly over time. COVID-19 represented a substantial source of stress for many CRP students, impacting some individuals' abstinence.These results from the first national longitudinal study of CRP students parallel findings from other cross-sectional and/or CRP-specific studies and provide novel insights into the stability of recovery functioning. These results can advance our understanding and characterization of the national CRP student population, with the ability to examine recovery-related constructs over time.

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COVID and college: how the pandemic impacted alcohol use disorder status among students

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

The influence of negative urgency and mood inductions on alcohol cognitions

The influence of negative urgency and mood inductions on alcohol cognitions

Exploring Resilience Among College Students in Recovery from Substance Misuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Characteristics of students participating in collegiate recovery programs and the impact of COVID-19: an updated national longitudinal study

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