COVID-19: what do we know so far?

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic spread quickly and intensely worldwide, having a major impact on morbidity and mortality rates in different regions. Today, we know that the main mechanism of infection is related to the binding of the Spike structure protein of SARS-CoV-2 with the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 receptors. These receptors are present, in greater quantities, in the respiratory tract, and, therefore, most symptoms are a consequence of the impact on this system. However, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 receptors are present in all cells in our body, and, therefore, SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect different organs. We present a brief review of what we know, to date, about COVID-19 and its main characteristics.