Covid-19 vaccines and new mutant strains impacting the pandemic

Matta, Shanker; Rajpal, Sanjay; Chopra, K. K.; Arora, Vipin

doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.03.010

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Among them, the alpha variant and beta variant are the most well-known ones. The impact of variants on clinical manifestations and prognostic outcomes affects the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with COVID-19 and, most importantly, the preventative approaches to reduce viral circulation in the population [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it may not produce correct results in the presence of some mutations, causing diagnostic delays. The diagnostic role of thorax CT in COVID-19 is well understood, and thorax CT has become a significant approach for rapid diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 although it is not recommended as the first step in the diagnosis of COVID-19 [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ]. This is the first study in the English literature that compares thorax CT findings between patients infected with variant strains and the non-variant strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of thorax computed tomographic findings in COVID-19 variant cases

Gökharman¹,

Ertem²,

Aydın³

et al. 2022

Respiratory Investigation

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Background Because of genetic mutations occurring during viral replication, new SARS-CoV-2 variants will continue to emerge. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, thorax computed tomographic (CT) findings have played a crucial role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with COVID-19. In this study, we compared the thorax CT findings of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants (variant group) with those of patients infected with the non-variant strain (non-variant group) to assess if thorax CT findings may be utilized to discriminate between the groups. Furthermore, we compared demographic and laboratory data between the groups. Methods The study comprised a total of 77 patients who presented to our hospital with a preliminary diagnosis of COVID-19 based on clinical symptoms, a positive oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR testing, and thorax CT examinations. Patients' laboratory and demographic features as well as thorax CT findings were retrospectively evaluated, and the results were grouped according to RT-PCR results. Results There were 42 patients in the non-variant group and 35 patients in the variant group. The average age of patients infected with the non-variant strain, alpha variant, and gamma variant was 63.52±14.87 years, 54.86±14.31 years, and 59.4±17.79 years, respectively. The average age of the variant group was significantly lower than that of the non-variant group. There was no significant difference in thorax CT findings between the groups, and consolidation, ground glass densities, and cobblestone pattern in the bilateral lower lobes and peripheral areas were the most common thorax CT findings in both the groups. Conclusion There is no significant difference in thorax CT findings between the variant and non-variant groups. Therefore, clinical and laboratory characteristics should take precedence over thorax CT findings for distinguishing between patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants and the non-variant strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of thorax computed tomographic findings in COVID-19 variant cases

Gökharman¹,

Ertem²,

Aydın³

et al. 2022

Respiratory Investigation

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“…Rapid ongoing vaccination with continuously improved and updated vaccines or even vaccine cocktails is obviously the only human-controlled proactive way to impede the pandemic. Taking into consideration the fact that increased transmission can enhance the probability of further mutations ( Matta et al., 2021 ), quick vaccination of the most active (younger) age groups seems to be the best strategy for preventing the appearance of novel hazardous mutations. On the other hand, the possibility of emergence of a mutant virus variant with high prevalence (high transmissibility) but low virulence cannot be avoided, overriding the spread of the current high-lethality strains and changing the fatal disease course to be much milder, thereby ensuring the “friendly” coexistence of virus and humankind in the future.…”

Section: Possibilities To Facilitate Overcoming Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the virus variants are designated by the geographical regions where the mutations have emerged, including the UK (B.1.1.7), Brazilian (B.1.1.248), and South African (1.351) strains, among others ( Hossain et al., 2021 ). Furthermore, as mutations in the virus genome can change also the susceptibility of the virus to both clinically used drugs and vaccines, concerns have been arisen about the efficacy of current preventive and therapeutic interventions for stopping the pandemic ( Chiam et al., 2021 ; Hossain et al., 2021 ; Matta et al., 2021 ; Robinson et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Evolution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Hazardous and More Hazardous Strains Behind the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Their Targeting by Drugs and Vaccines

Tuli

Sak²,

Aggarwal

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Within almost the last 2 years, the world has been shaken by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has affected the lives of all people. With nearly 4.92 million deaths by October 19, 2021, and serious health damages in millions of people, COVID-19 has been the most serious global challenge after the Second World War. Besides lost lives and long-term health problems, devastating impact on economics, education, and culture will probably leave a lasting impression on the future. Therefore, the actual extent of losses will become obvious only after years. Moreover, despite the availability of different vaccines and vaccination programs, it is still impossible to forecast what the next steps of the virus are or how near we are to the end of the pandemic. In this article, the route of molecular evolution of the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is thoroughly compiled, highlighting the changes that the virus has undergone during the last 2 years and discussing the approaches that the medical community has undertaken in the fight against virus-induced damages.

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“…Mutation of an RNA virus is a matter of grave concern as it gives rise to newer strains, posing apprehensions that a vaccine developed for one strain might not be effective against a mutated strain. So far, several variants, such as B.1.1.7 (alpha, originated in the UK), B.1.351 (beta, originated in South Africa), P.1 (gamma, originated in Brazil), and B.1.617.2 (delta, originating from India) have been identified as major concerns [ 8 , 9 ]. These new mutants can spread faster, which raises the question of whether they may reduce the effectiveness of approved vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges

et al. 2021

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The emergence of a novel coronavirus viz., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late 2019 and its subsequent substantial spread produced the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide. Given its unprecedented infectivity and pathogenicity, the COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on human health, and its clinical management has been a great challenge, which has led to the development and speedy trials of several vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 at an exceptional pace. As a result, several COVID-19 vaccines were made commercially available in the first half of 2021. Although several COVID-19 vaccines showed promising results, crucial insights into their epidemiology, protective mechanisms, and the propensities of reinfection are not largely reviewed. In the present report, we provided insights into the prospects of vaccination against COVID-19 and assessed diverse vaccination strategies including DNA, mRNA, protein subunits, vector-based, live attenuated, and inactivated whole/viral particle-based vaccines. Next, we reviewed major aspects of various available vaccines approved by the World Health Organization and by the local administrations to use against COVID-19. Moreover, we comprehensively assessed the success of these approved vaccines and also their untoward effects, including the possibility of reinfection. We also provided an update on the vaccines that are under development and could be promising candidates in the future. Conclusively, we provided insights into the COVID-19 vaccine epidemiology, their potency, and propensity for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, while a careful review of their current status, strategies, success, and future challenges was also presented.

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Covid-19 vaccines and new mutant strains impacting the pandemic

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of thorax computed tomographic findings in COVID-19 variant cases

Evaluation of thorax computed tomographic findings in COVID-19 variant cases

Molecular Evolution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: Hazardous and More Hazardous Strains Behind the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic and Their Targeting by Drugs and Vaccines

Counting on COVID-19 Vaccine: Insights into the Current Strategies, Progress and Future Challenges

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