COVID 19 vaccine in patients of hypercoagulable disorders: a clinical perspective

Abstract

COVID 19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. Thromboembolism has been a characteristic manifestation in most of the severely ill COVID-19 patients. Thromboembolism in COVID 19 infection is attributed to injury to the vascular endothelial cell, hypercoagulability and blood stasis. The hypercoagulable state of blood and thrombophilic diseases leads to hypercoagulability. COVID 19 infected patients with pre-existing hypercoagulable disorders have higher risk of developing thrombosis and thromboembolism and such thrombotic episodes may prove to be severely morbid in these patients. As immune-prophylaxis COVID 19 vaccines are being administered to the public. The known side effects of the COVID 19 vaccine are mild to moderate and include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, myalgia, malaise, pain and swelling at injection site and diarrhea. Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia has been noted as a rare side effect of COVID 19 vaccine. Such side effect of COVID 19 vaccine in patients of hypercoagulable disorder may prove to be fatal. The health care workers should be cautious and judicious in managing such patients. A detailed lab profile for coagulable state of blood should be carried out in all patients COVID 19 infected patients with pre-existing hypercoagulability diseases. The patients should also be health educated regarding side effects of vaccine especially with those indicating thrombosis and they should be warranted to receive immediate medical care in case of any side effects or complications. Paucity of literature gave us an impetus to review management profile in patients of hypercoagulable disorders.

Thrombo-Inflammation in COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Faces of the Same Coin

“…Similar thrombo-inflammatory processes mediated by cell-free hemoglobin have been observed and proposed in SCD, with emphasis on platelet activation [15,28], a key driver of thrombo-inflammation in COVID-19 [24]. Consistent with the above, COVID-19 has been associated with increased risk of thrombosis in patients with SCD [29]. Therefore, we propose that the emerging therapies targeting platelet-mediated thromboinflammation in COVID-19 may serve as potential therapies for VOC.…”

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

“…Previous discussion around COVID-19 vaccination has raised the question of whether or not vaccines to COVID-19 confer upon patients a hypercoagulable state [105][106][107]. We reviewed 4 reports (5 patients, 6 eyes) commenting on vascular events following COVID-19 vaccination.…”