COVID-19, the Pandemic of the Century and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases

Zhang, Yuanyuan; Wang, Mingjie; Zhang, Xian; Liu, Tianxiao; Libby, Peter; Shi, Guo‐Ping

doi:10.1097/cd9.0000000000000038

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 335 publications

(868 reference statements)

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“…p t e d f o r P u b l i c a t i o n who survived COVID-19 and those died because of COVID-19. A statistically significant association between age and COVID-19 positivity was observed in females, but not in the male gender.Clinical observations indicated that advanced age and male gender increased the risk of COVID-19 4,14. Different from these observations, most patients in the current study were females, and, similar to these observations, COVID-19-positive females were older.…”

supporting

confidence: 66%

Does vitamin D level have an effect on COVID-19 positivity and COVID-19 related mortality? A retrospective study

et al. 2022

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Objective: To explore the possible relationship between vitamin D and coronavirus disease-2019 in an urban population known to have relatively low vitamin D levels. Method: The retrospective study was conducted in Bursa, Turkey, and comprised data of 30 family health centers from March 1 to December 15, 2020, related to diagnosed inpatients of coronovairus disease-2019. The diagnosis was based on polymerase chain reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection. Vitamin D levels of these patients were obtained from previous records and compared with those without polymerase chain reaction positivity. Vitamin D levels of positive patients who survived were compared with those who died of coronavirus disease-2019. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Result: Of the 2,105 patients whose data was retrived, 212(10%) were positive for coronavirus disease-2019, while 1,893(90%) were negative. Among the positive patients, 89(42%) were men and 123(58%) were women. The overall median age was 45 years (Q1-Q3(Q1: first quartile, Q3: third quartile): 35-56 years). Vitamin D level was not significantly different between the positive and negative patients (p>0.05). Among the positive patients, 2(0.9%) patients did not have new admissions to the designated centers and their data was excluded, 206(97.2%) survived and 4(1.9%) died. There was no significant difference in vitamin D levels between those who survived and those who died (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship found between vitamin D levels and coronavirus disease-2019 infection and related deaths. Key Words: COVID-19, PCR positivity, SARS-CoV-2 infection, Vitamin D.

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confidence: 66%

Does vitamin D level have an effect on COVID-19 positivity and COVID-19 related mortality? A retrospective study

et al. 2022

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“…Among these possibilities, the latter seems adequate to explain at least partially the gender-related observations. Furthermore, since the hormone steroid, testosterone (TEST) plasmatic concentrations decrease with aging and the presence of comorbidities (obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases) increases during the same period, both circumstances might worsen SARS-CoV-2 patients' prognosis (Figure 1) [9][10][11][12]. Understandably, multiple studies have been carried out trying to predict the outcome of the disease in patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Lower Testosterone in Older Men Explain Higher COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortalities?

Montaño

Sommer

Solís‐Chagoyán

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The health scourge imposed on humanity by the COVID-19 pandemic seems not to recede. This fact warrants refined and novel ideas analyzing different aspects of the illness. One such aspect is related to the observation that most COVID-19 casualties were older males, a tendency also noticed in the epidemics of SARS-CoV in 2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome in 2012. This gender-related difference in the COVID-19 death toll might be directly involved with testosterone (TEST) and its plasmatic concentration in men. TEST has been demonstrated to provide men with anti-inflammatory and immunological advantages. As the plasmatic concentration of this androgen decreases with age, the health benefit it confers also diminishes. Low plasmatic levels of TEST can be determinant in the infection’s outcome and might be related to a dysfunctional cell Ca2+ homeostasis. Not only does TEST modulate the activity of diverse proteins that regulate cellular calcium concentrations, but these proteins have also been proven to be necessary for the replication of many viruses. Therefore, we discuss herein how TEST regulates different Ca2+-handling proteins in healthy tissues and propose how low TEST concentrations might facilitate the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the lack of modulation of the mechanisms that regulate intracellular Ca2+ concentrations.

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“…On the contrary, in our study, on the multivariable analysis emerged that high peak troponin was significantly correlated with in hospital mortality and other outcomes, indicating that CAC does not completely identify patients at risk of cardiovascular events because probably it does not reveal soft, unstable plaques that are more sensitive to external stresses. 30 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the “atherosclerotic pabulum” on in‐hospital mortality for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Is calcium score able to identify at‐risk patients?

Pergola

Cabrelle

Previtero

et al. 2022

Clinical Cardiology

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Background Although the primary cause of death in COVID‐19 infection is respiratory failure, there is evidence that cardiac manifestations may contribute to overall mortality and can even be the primary cause of death. More importantly, it is recognized that COVID‐19 is associated with a high incidence of thrombotic complications. Hypothesis Evaluate if the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score was useful to predict in‐hospital (in‐H) mortality in patients with COVID‐19. Secondary end‐points were needed for mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission. Methods Two‐hundred eighty‐four patients (63, 25 years, 67% male) with proven severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection who had a noncontrast chest computed tomography were analyzed for CAC score. Clinical and radiological data were retrieved. Results Patients with CAC had a higher inflammatory burden at admission ( d ‐dimer, p = .002; C‐reactive protein, p = .002; procalcitonin, p = .016) and a higher high‐sensitive cardiac troponin I (HScTnI, p = <.001) at admission and at peak. While there was no association with presence of lung consolidation and ground‐glass opacities, patients with CAC had higher incidence of bilateral infiltration ( p = .043) and higher in‐H mortality ( p = .048). On the other side, peak HScTnI >200 ng/dl was a better determinant of all outcomes in both univariate ( p = <.001) and multivariate analysis ( p = <.001). Conclusion The main finding of our research is that CAC was positively related to in‐H mortality, but it did not completely identify all the population at risk of events in the setting of COVID‐19 patients. This raises the possibility that other factors, including the presence of soft, unstable plaques, may have a role in adverse outcomes in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.

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COVID-19, the Pandemic of the Century and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 8 publications

References 335 publications

Does vitamin D level have an effect on COVID-19 positivity and COVID-19 related mortality? A retrospective study

Does vitamin D level have an effect on COVID-19 positivity and COVID-19 related mortality? A retrospective study

Could Lower Testosterone in Older Men Explain Higher COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortalities?

Impact of the “atherosclerotic pabulum” on in‐hospital mortality for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Is calcium score able to identify at‐risk patients?

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