COVID-19-Related Financial Hardship, Job Loss, and Mental Health Symptoms: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Agrarian Community in India

Chatterji, Sangeeta; McDougal, Lotus; Johns, Nicole E.; Ghule, Mohan; Rao, Namratha; Anita, Raj

doi:10.3390/ijerph18168647

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This is a particular concern given how COVID-19 induced economic hardship is having adverse effects on the psychological well-being of the population. [34][35][36][37] These findings should be considered in light of a number of limitations. First, while this study provides unique and important insights into keyworkers' experiences during the pandemic, the timing of the interviews may need to be considered when interpreting the findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers.

May¹,

Aughterson²,

Burton³

2021

Preprint

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Aims: Non-healthcare keyworkers face distinct occupational vulnerabilities that have received little consideration within broader debates about ‘essential’ work and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the impact of the pandemic on the working lives and mental health and wellbeing of non-healthcare keyworkers in the UK.Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 participants employed in a range of non-healthcare keyworker occupations, including transport, retail, education, postal services and the police force. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic approach. Results: Keyworkers experienced adverse psychological effects during the COVID-19 pandemic, including fears of COVID-19 exposure, contagion and subsequent transmission to others, especially their families. These concerns were often experienced in the context of multiple exposure risks, including insufficient PPE and a lack of workplace mitigation practices. Keyworkers also described multiple work-related challenges, including increased workload, a lack of public and organisational recognition and feelings of disempowerment. Conclusion: In efforts to reduce psychosocial concerns among non-healthcare keyworkers, there is a need for appropriate support during the COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for other infections (e.g. seasonal influenza) in the future. This includes the provision of psychological and workplace measures attending to the intersections of personal vulnerability and work conditions that cause unique risks and challenges among those in frontline keyworker occupations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers.

May¹,

Aughterson²,

Burton³

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Second, association of mental status with treatment cancellation and accessible care may be new direction in the future. This is can be reflected by several studies which reported the association between COVID-19-related financial situation and mental health [ 87 , 88 ]. If replicating in future studies, it is recommended that research with a longitudinal design be undertaken irrespective of crisis settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Associations between new health conditions and healthcare service utilizations among older adults in the United Kingdom: effects of COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income

Han

Guan

2022

BMC Geriatr

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Background Health services are critically important for older adults, particularly during the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income may seriously impact health services by feasibility and accessibility. Therefore, the aim of the present study was empirically to explore how health-seeking behaviors are influenced by new health conditions through COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income. Methods Data were from ELSA COVID-19 waves 1 and 2 which included a sample of 6952 and 6710 older adults in the United Kingdom, respectively. The frequency distribution analyses were conducted by Chi-square analysis by gender groups. Zero-inflated Poisson regressions were used to examine how worse financial situation and lowered income were associated with COVID-19 risks and new health conditions. Logistic regressions were employed to examine the associations of COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income with treatment cancellation and accessible care. Cross-sectional mediation models, cross-sectional moderation models, longitudinal mediation models, and longitudinal moderation models were conducted based on Hayes model 6, Hayes model 29, Montoya model 1, and Montoya model 2, respectively. Results Most of the sample was >65 years old, females, located in urban place, and involved in long-standing condition. Regression analysis showed that COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income were associated with treatment cancellation and accessible care. In the longitudinal mediations, effect coefficients of ‘X’ → (treatment cancellation in wave 1 (Tcn1)- treatment cancellation in wave 2 (Tcn2))(β = −.0451, p < .0001, low limit confidence interval (LLCI) = −.0618, upper limit confidence interval (ULCI) = −.0284), ‘X’ → (COVID-19 risks in wave 1 (Csk1)- COVID-19 risks in wave 2 (Csk2)) (β = .0592, p < .0001, LLCI = .0361, ULCI = .0824), and ‘X’ → (lowered income in wave 1 (CIn1)- lowered income in wave 2 (CIn2)) (β = −.0351, p = .0001, LLCI = -.0523, ULCI = -.0179) were significant. Additionally, effect coefficients of ‘X’ → (accessible care in wave 1 (Acr1)- accessible care in wave 2 (Acr2)) (β = .3687, p < .0001, LLCI = .3350, ULCI = .4025),'X’ → (Csk1- Csk2) (β = .0676, p = .0005, LLCI = .0294, ULCI = .1058), and ‘X’ → (worse financial situation in wave 1- worse financial situation in wave 2) (β = −.0369, p = .0102, LLCI = -.0650, ULCI = -.0087) were significant. Conclusions There were longitudinal mediating effects of COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income on the relationship between new health conditions and treatment cancellation and relationship between new health conditions and accessible care. These findings suggest that worse financial situation, lowered income, and COVID-19 risks exerted an influence on the relationship between new health conditions and treatment cancellation and relationship between new health conditions and accessible care among older adults. Findings suggest that longitudinal mediations may be important components of interventions aiming to meet service needs. Long-term health policy implications indicate the need for reducing COVID-19 risks, improving financial situation, and increasing income among the targeted population.

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“…Psychologically, entrepreneurs were unsatisfied. It has been observed that, During the lockdown, financial stress and mental health symptoms were at their peak [15]. They didn't get any assistance from the government.…”

Section: Issues Challenges and Problems Of Rural Entrepreneursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Rural Entrepreneurs in Post Pandemic Situation: A Study in Selected Blocks in Nadia District of West Bengal, India

Das

Pal²

2022

SAJSSE

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India is a rural-based country. The economic development of our country is largely dependent on the development of the rural sector. In rural areas, people are shifting their source of income from agriculture to entrepreneurship. According to Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), the registration portal for entrepreneurs has registered more than 51% of rural entrepreneurs so far, but the rural entrepreneurs are deprived in many ways. They are facing different challenges due to not having proper educational qualifications, lack of skills, insufficient capital, lack of management skills, and various others. The research paper asserted the present status of rural entrepreneurs after the pandemic. The aim of the research was to study the socio-economic profile, entrepreneurship profile, the impact of lockdown, and psychological factors associated with rural entrepreneurship. In this study, Ranaghat-II and Chakdaha Blocks of Nadia district in West Bengal were selected purposively. 15 rural entrepreneurs from each block were selected as samples and data were collected from 30 respondents by using a semi-structured interview schedule. Various aspects of business, their socio-economic condition, entrepreneur's profile, the impact of lockdown on their enterprises and psychological impact have been studied. It has been found that most of the rural entrepreneurs know about different govt facilities related to MSME and SIDBI but did not get any support from the govt schemes during the period of lockdown. A major section of the entrepreneurs (88 %) faced uncertainty in their livelihood and faced psychological problems due to different adverse entrepreneur situations that arose during the lockdown period. Rural entrepreneurship is still very much deprived. Despite having government schemes, they were not able to get that. They need more skill-based training, financial support and managerial assistance and also more women’s participation in this field will boost the rural economy as a whole.

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COVID-19-Related Financial Hardship, Job Loss, and Mental Health Symptoms: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Agrarian Community in India

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers.

‘Stressed, uncomfortable, vulnerable, neglected’: a qualitative study of the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK frontline keyworkers.

Associations between new health conditions and healthcare service utilizations among older adults in the United Kingdom: effects of COVID-19 risks, worse financial situation, and lowered income

Status of Rural Entrepreneurs in Post Pandemic Situation: A Study in Selected Blocks in Nadia District of West Bengal, India

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