COVID-19 Reinfection by the Gamma Variant in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Moschetta, Marina Oliboni; Hadi, Riad Abdel; Franco, Rodrigo Fontanive; Wink, Priscila Lamb; Barth, Afonso Luís; Gonçalves, Luiz Felipe Santos; Bauer, Andréa Carla; Manfro, Roberto Ceratti

doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000003924

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Among the 21 studies that reported patient outcomes [9, 10, 34, 35, 38, 40-44, 52-54, 58, 61, 64, 66, 67, 73, 75, 77], nine patients (an age range from 16 to 54) recovered after reinfection [34,40,53,58,67,73]. Seven patients died (aged 44-92): one died of septic shock and respiratory failure [10], another one died of respiratory failure [77], and the cause of death was not reported for the remaining five patients [43,44,54,75].…”

Section: Patient Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the first infection for the patients with reinfection, nine studies reported that 12 patients with COVID-19 were not treated [10,38,40,47,51,52,56,60,65]. Among the 9 studies reporting on 9 patients who had treatment [35,41,42,48,50,53,58,61,71], most patients received corticosteroids [61], including methylprednisolone [58], dexamethasone [41], and prednisone [50,58].…”

Section: Treatment Of First and Second Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For reinfected patients, 11 patients in 8 studies were untreated [8,10,35,38,40,46,51,60]. Among the treated patients, most received prednisone [42,61]and dexamethasone [42,56,69].…”

Section: Treatment Of First and Second Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Ren

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2022

glob health res policy

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Background With the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic, some COVID-19 patients have become reinfected with the virus. Viral gene sequencing has found that some of these patients were reinfected by the different and others by same strains. This has raised concerns about the effectiveness of immunity after infection and the reliability of vaccines. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to assess the characteristics of patients with reinfection and possible causes. Methods A systematic search was conducted across eight databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and SinoMed from December 1, 2019 to September 1, 2021. The quality of included studies were assessed using JBI critical appraisal tools and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results This study included 50 studies from 20 countries. There were 118 cases of reinfection. Twenty-five patients were reported to have at least one complication. The shortest duration between the first infection and reinfection was 19 days and the longest was 293 days. During the first infection and reinfection, cough (51.6% and 43.9%) and fever (50% and 30.3%) were the most common symptoms respectively. Nine patients recovered, seven patients died, and five patients were hospitalized, but 97 patients’ prognosis were unknown. B.1 is the most common variant strain at the first infection. B.1.1.7, B.1.128 and B.1.351 were the most common variant strains at reinfection. Thirty-three patients were infected by different strains and 9 patients were reported as being infected with the same strain. Conclusions Our research shows that it is possible for rehabilitated patients to be reinfected by SARS-COV-2. To date, the causes and risk factors of COVID-19 reinfection are not fully understood. For patients with reinfection, the diagnosis and management should be consistent with the treatment of the first infection. The public, including rehabilitated patients, should be fully vaccinated, wear masks in public places, and pay attention to maintaining social distance to avoid reinfection with the virus.

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Section: Patient Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Of First and Second Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Ren

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2022

glob health res policy

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“…Unfortunately, immunosuppression induced by hematologic malignancies and certain medications (particularly rituximab [16]) are associated with lower rates of seroconversion from infection and vaccination (13). A number of case reports have also been published about reinfections in solid organ transplant patients (17,18) and recipients of immunomodulatory biologic therapies (19). Using two sets of serologic testing (NADAL IgG/IgM Test and Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-N test), we were able to prove that our patient did not mount a detectable level of antibodies more than 50 days after his diagnosis (on February 7 and 18), while being actively infected.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 67%

Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in a patient undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma: Case report

Côté

Bestman-Smith

Gourdeau

et al. 2022

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is usually a time-limited disease. However, prolonged infections and reinfections can occur among immunocompromised patients. It can be difficult to distinguish a prolonged infection from a new one, especially when reinfection occurs early. METHODS: We report the case of a 57-year-old man infected with SARS-CoV-2 while undergoing chemotherapy for follicular lymphoma. He experienced prolonged symptomatic infection for 3 months despite a 5-day course of remdesivir and eventually deteriorated and died. RESULTS: Viral genome sequencing showed that his final deterioration was most likely due to reinfection. Serologic studies confirmed that the patient did not seroconvert. CONCLUSIONS: This case report highlights that reinfection can occur rapidly (62–67 d) among immunocompromised patients after a prolonged disease. We provide substantial proof of prolonged infection through repeated nucleic acid amplification tests and positive viral culture at day 56 of the disease course, and we put forward evidence of reinfection with viral genome sequencing.

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COVID-19 Reinfection by the Gamma Variant in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Reinfection in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in a patient undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma: Case report

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