COVID-19 - Recent advancements in identifying novel vaccine candidates and current status of upcoming SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal; Hamid, Zeenat; Parray, Oveas Rafiq; Wani, A. H.; Haq, Abrar Ul; Saxena, Archana; Patel, Shailesh Kumar; Pathak, Mamta; Tiwari, Ruchi; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Sah, Ranjit; Rabaan, Ali A.; Morales, Alfonso Javier Rodríguez; Dhama, Kuldeep

doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1788310

Cited by 58 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…This article, in brief, describes the molecular organization and phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses, including the SARS-CoV-2 highlights few advances in diagnosis and vaccine development [34]. It elaborately emphasizes on the different potential therapeutic options that could be pursued for therapy despite limited knowledge of the biology of SARS-CoV-2 such as neutralizing antibodies, oligonucleotides, passive antibody transfer, and drug repurposing, anti-viral proteases, blocking Coronavirus receptors like an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2), combination therapy, which can bring a revolutionary change to curb the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 in the coming future [35,36].…”

Section: Annals Of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though antibody-based therapy is effective and immediate in use, it is short-lived. It has limitations of infection transmission, abnormal reactions, and the possibility of other severe risks like induction of severe acute lung injury or antibody-dependent enhancement [35,127].…”

Section: Developing Neutralizing Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oligonucleoside analogues like remdesivir, which is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug, is proposed to have beneficial effects in COVID-19 therapy [111,134]. Remdesivir and chloroquine have been reported to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro [35] effectively. They were able to block virus infection at low concentrations (micromolar) and showed a high selectivity index [135,136].…”

Section: Oligonucleotides Targeting Sars-cov-2 Rna Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

Rabaan

Al-Ahmed

Sah

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

Self Cite

109

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A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing an emerging coronavirus disease (COVID-19), first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which has taken a catastrophic turn with high toll rates in China and subsequently spreading across the globe. The rapid spread of this virus to more than 210 countries while affecting more than 25 million people and causing more than 843,000 human deaths, it has resulted in a pandemic situation in the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus, like MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, all of which originated in bats. It is highly contagious, causing symptoms like fever, dyspnea, asthenia and pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, and the severely infected patients succumb to the disease. Coronaviruses (CoVs) among all known RNA viruses have the largest genomes ranging from 26 to 32 kb in length. Extensive research has been conducted to understand the molecular basis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and evolution, develop effective therapeutics, antiviral drugs, and vaccines, and to design rapid and confirmatory viral diagnostics as well as adopt appropriate prevention and control strategies. To date, August 30, 2020, no effective, proven therapeutic antibodies or specific drugs, and vaccines have turned up. In this review article, we describe the underlying molecular organization and phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses, including the SARS-CoV-2, and recent advances in diagnosis and vaccine development in brief and focusing mainly on developing potential therapeutic options that can be explored to manage this pandemic virus infection, which would help in valid countering of COVID-19.

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Section: Annals Of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developing Neutralizing Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oligonucleotides Targeting Sars-cov-2 Rna Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

Rabaan

Al-Ahmed

Sah

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

Self Cite

109

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show abstract

“…COVID-19 has now spread to more than 210 countries across the globe, accounting for more than 0.85 million deaths out of 26 million confirmed cases reported till 2 nd September, 2020, and thus has created huge panic, havoc, and fear among worldwide population. Efforts to develop vaccines, drugs, therapies, immunomodulatory agents and strategies to enhance immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection are continuously being made along with adopting appropriate mitigation strategies to safeguard the health of the humans and save their lives from COVID-19 pandemic [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the World with Co-Morbidities of Heart Disease, Hypertension and Diabetes

Anand¹,

Sangeetha²,

Fathah³

et al. 2020

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Newly emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has now spread across the globe in past few months while affecting 26 million people and leading to more than 0.85 million deaths as on 2nd September, 2020. Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases in COVID-19 patients due to pre-existing health co-morbidities. This mini-review has focused on the three significant co-morbidities viz., heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes, which are posing high health concerns and increased mortality during this ongoing pandemic. The observed co-morbidities have been found to be associated with the increasing risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 critical illness as well as to be associated positively with the worsening of the health condition of COVID-19 suffering individuals resulting in the high risk for mortality. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cell via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. Regulation of crucial cardiovascular functions and metabolisms like blood pressure and sugar levels are being carried out by ACE2. This might be one of the reasons that contribute to the higher mortality in COVID-19 patients having co-morbidities. Clinical investigations have identified higher levels of creatinine, cardiac troponin I, alanine aminotransferase, NT-proBNP, creatine kinase, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in patients who have succumbed to death from COVID-19 as compared to recovered individuals. More investigations are required to identify the modes behind increased mortality in COVID-19 patients having co-morbidities of heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes. This will enable us to design and develop suitable therapeutic strategies for reducing the mortality. More attention and critical care need to be paid to such high risk patients suffering from co-morbidities during COVID-19 pandemic.

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“…Among the novel OGSs, two (T333, T345) and two previously reported OGSs (T323, S325) are located in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) (Fig. 3a), which is the main target of the SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccines currently in clinical trials [29][30][31] . In addition, three novel OGSs (T73, S161, and S221) are located in the NTD (Fig.…”

Section: The Synthesis and Characterizations Of Wr-sio 2 Based On Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive O-glycosylation analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Dong¹,

Chen²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a serious public health threat. Most vaccines being developed against SARS-CoV-2 target the highly glycosylated spike protein (S). A good knowledge of the glycosylation profile of this protein is key for successful vaccine development. Unlike the 22 confirmed N-glycosylation sites (NGSs) on the SARS-CoV-2 S, only a few O-glycosylation sites (OGSs) on this protein have been reported. This difference is mainly ascribed to an extremely low O-glycosylation stoichiometry. Herein, we comprehensively analyzed the O-glycosylation profile of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S employing biomimetic polymer consisting of Trp-Arg monomer. Twenty-six OGSs and 33 O-linked glycans (OLGs) in the SARS-CoV-2 S were unambiguously identified, among which 24 OGSs and 25 OLGs are novel to the SARS-CoV-2 S. Our study reveals the comprehensive O-glycosylation profile of the SARS-CoV-2 S, which might shed light on viral pathobiology and assist in vaccine development.

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COVID-19 - Recent advancements in identifying novel vaccine candidates and current status of upcoming SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

Cited by 58 publications

References 85 publications

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

COVID-19 and the World with Co-Morbidities of Heart Disease, Hypertension and Diabetes

Comprehensive O-glycosylation analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

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