COVID-19: prevalence of job-demands, stress, work–life difficulties and work–life balance among international business travelers

Abstract

PurposeInternational business travelers (IBTs) face daily challenges pertaining to the frequency and duration of travel. Following the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the study aims to draw upon the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and the literature on work–life balance (WLB) to examine how this crisis have disrupted IBTs routines and the implications for their WLB.Design/methodology/approachData were collected in April 2020 with an online survey answered by 141 IBTs from different locations. The first set of analyses examined the perceived change in job-demands (i.e. business travel and workload) including stress and work–life difficulties following the outbreak of COVID-19. The second set of analyses tested the hypotheses that the perceived change in workload and stress predict IBTs' work–life difficulties, which, in turn, affect their WLB.FindingsThe results show that the decline in job-demands (i.e. business travel and workload) after the outbreak of COVID-19 was not enough to reduce IBTs' stress and ameliorate their work–life difficulties and WLB. Only respondents who experienced a decrease in workload, including less relational difficulties, reported a superior WLB.Originality/valueThe study widens the scope and relevance of global mobility studies in crisis settings by timely reporting the changes in job-demands, stress and work–life difficulties among IBTs following the outbreak of COVID-19. Additionally, the research extends the use of the JD-R model in the international context by advancing our knowledge of the interplay between contextual demands and job-demands in affecting IBTs' stress, work–life difficulties and WLB.

DECENT WORK WORLDWIDE: Universal values, diverse expressions

“…Work-life balance refers to how workers perceive the integration of their work and non-work domains based on their personal values, goals, and aspirations (Casper et al, 2018;Greenhaus & Allen, 2011;Haar et al, 2019). Numerous studies have consistently shown that long working hours and high workload have a clear consequence: poor work-life balance (Gribben & Semple, 2021;Kumpikaite-Valiuniene, Pinto & Gurbanov, 2022;Zappala, Swanzy & Ferdinando, 2022). Working long hours due to overwhelming workloads can lead to a lack of time, energy, and attention that are essential resources for meeting non-work demands (Zappala, Swanzy & Ferdinando, 2022).…”