COVID-19 Pediatric Patients: Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Presentations, and Disparities by Race/Ethnicity in a Large, Multicenter US Study

Ashktorab, Yusuf; Brim, Anas; Pizuorno, Antonio; Gayam, Vijay; Nikdel, Sahar; Brim, Hassan

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.078

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Regarding signs and symptoms of presentation, we agree with previous research [ 3 , 5 – 7 , 10 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 19 ] in which fever and cough were the most prevalent (present in 58.1% and 46.7%, respectively, of the total of our symptomatic children). Digestive symptoms are not infrequent, as some publications have already exhibited [ 20 , 21 ]. Cutaneous manifestations are only recorded in 3.3% of cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in children: clinical and epidemiological spectrum in the community

Vera¹,

Castejón-Ramírez

Miranda³

et al. 2021

Eur J Pediatr

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Most publications on pediatric COVID-19 in Spain were performed at the beginning of the pandemic when some diagnostic tools were not widely available. This study aims to show the real spectrum of the infection based on wide detection of cases due to symptoms and contact tracing. A descriptive and analytical observational study was performed including pediatric cases (0 to 14 years) from the region of Aragón between May 12 and October 31, 2020. Diagnostics was by PCR detection of viral RNA, rapid antigen detection test, or positive IgG serology. There were 5933 positive children included. Of them, 49.03% were women. The mean age was 7.53 ± 4.28 years. The source of infection could not be determined in 17.8% of cases. As for the rest, was determined to be within the family environment in 67.8%. The percentage of asymptomatic patients was 50.3%. Among symptomatic patients, fever (58.1%) and cough (46.7%) were the most frequent symptoms. Hospitalization was required in 0.52% of infected, intensive care unit admission was on 0.05%, and there was one death (0.02%). Children under the age of one presented some symptoms more frequently (71.6% vs 48.5%; OR 2.68; 95% CI 2.08 to 3.45; p < 0.001) and required more hospitalizations (3.9% vs 0.34%; OR 11.52; 95% CI 5.65 to 23.52; p < 0.001). Conclusion : In our environment, SARS-CoV-2 infection is like other mild respiratory viral infections in the population under the age of 15. The contagion occurs mainly in the family environment, the number of asymptomatic is high, being the symptoms mild and the complications very infrequent. What is Known: • Pediatric infection produced by SARS-CoV-2 has manifested as a mild disease in relation to adult age, although with higher affectation at the youngest ages. • Nearly all studies on epidemiology and clinical spectrum of the disease were conducted with patients diagnosed at the beginning of the pandemic. By then, diagnostic tools were only available in hospitals and in emergency units. What is New: • Once diagnostic means were available in primary care medicine and were used not only for the diagnosis of clinical symptoms of the patient, but for the tracing of case contacts, a much more precise approach to the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of the disease was allowed, as described in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in children: clinical and epidemiological spectrum in the community

Vera¹,

Castejón-Ramírez

Miranda³

et al. 2021

Eur J Pediatr

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“…Initial reports of COVID-19 in children have suggested that infection with SARS-CoV-2 is typically associated with a milder presentation and course. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A scoping review by Tolu et al 17 looked at 51 studies and reported on 336 newborns who were screened for COVID-19. Of the 336 newborns, only 15 (4.4%) had positive results using an RT-PCR throat swab.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Term Infant Presenting with COVID-19 Disease at Birth and a Croup-Like Cough

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Since the original coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global outbreak, there have been increasing reports of children developing a croup-like cough associated with concurrent COVID-19 infection. Currently, there is not much information available regarding newborn infants and COVID-19 infection and the incidence of vertical transmission is thought to be rare. This novel case report depicts a term newborn infected at the time of birth with COVID-19 and includes details about the course of their complicated hospitalization. Case Report: A term infant, found to be infected at birth with COVID-19, developed respiratory distress resulting in transfer to our neonatal intensive care unit. Due to the increasing respiratory support requirements, endotracheal intubation was required on day of life (DOL) seven. Later when the infant was extubated, on DOL 21, a croup-like cough developed. Despite respiratory treatment with albuterol, budesonide, racemic epinephrine, lidocaine, pulmozyme, and a ten day course of dexamethasone, the cough persisted. A prolonged hospitalization was required and eventually the infant was discharged home on 0.4 liters per minute of oxygen via nasal cannula on DOL 95. Conclusion: As the COVID-19 virus mutates over time, there are some seemingly different presentations in both the pediatric and adult populations. The hypervigilance and sharing of new findings among providers is paramount in the treatment of infants with COVID-19 disease.

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“…During the past 5 years, Gastroenterology has published numerous articles that considered race, ethnicity, sex, and gender. 10,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The Journal is assessing approaches to the evaluation of original articles that promote fairness and inclusivity of people of color and both sexes in clinical and basic science research.…”

Section: Promote Equity Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%