COVID-19 Pandemic: Oral Health Challenges and Recommendations

Abstract

The aim of this article is to shed light on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its oral effects and risk of nosocomial transmission to update the knowledge of dental health care workers. A thorough literature search of the PubMed/Embase/Web of Science/Cochrane central database was conducted to identify the impact of COVID-19 on oral health. We reviewed the recommendations on the recent guidelines set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention infection control practices for dentistry, American Dental Association, and the World Health Organization. According to the available evidence, COVID-19 may have a negative impact on the oral health due to the infection itself and due to various other consequences such as therapeutic measures, xerostomia, and other complications of the COVID-19. In light of the above facts, dentists should be wary of the disease, its identification, mode of spread and impacts on the oral health. The dental personnel have been identified as at the highest risk of getting COVID-19 due to cross infection from contact with their patients and aerosols generated in routine dental procedures. As such, they should be aware of the modifications that need to be made to the practice to prevent transmission of the disease. It is evident that COVID-19 has a negative impact on the oral health and at the same time a significant transmission risk to the dental personnel and patients who visit the clinic. If the recommendations issued by the regulatory authorities are meticulously followed, the risk of disease transmission can be lessened.

Postponed Dental Visits during the COVID-19 Pandemic and their Correlates. Evidence from the Nationally Representative COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring in Germany (COSMO)

“…For example, it could result in caries lesions and periodontitis which, in turn, could increase the likelihood of tooth loos [ 5 ] or dental pain [ 19 ]. This is important, since the COVID-19 pandemic can markedly affect oral health [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Even in the light of the effect of different recall intervals [ 23 ], our current findings are therefore of great importance.…”

Perioral Aerosol Sequestration Suction Device Effectively Reduces Biological Cross-Contamination in Dental Procedures

“…This result demonstrates that OBF could also enhance the prevention of biological cross-contamination in high-risk airway management procedures 34 as well as in orofacial aerosol-generating procedures also usual in head and neck surgery, 35 otolaryngology, 36 and anesthesia. 37 Although this noticeable decrease represents an improvement of the cross-contamination control, for safety purposes, adopting updated guidelines on infection prevention 7 12 38 39 is still mandatory.…”

Clinical Dental Care Epidemiology, Prevalence, Symptoms and Routes of Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 19: A Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis

“…According to the American Dental Association's recommendations, dentists can decide to provide or delay dental care after seeing the condition of the teeth. In case of an outbreak, dental priority is with emergency treatments [20].…”