COVID-19 Pandemic: Cardiovascular Complications and Future Implications

Bandyopadhyay, Dhrubajyoti; Akhtar, Tauseef; Hajra, Adrija; Gupta, Manasvi; Das, Avash; Chakraborty, Sanjoy; Pal, Ipsita; Patel, Neelkumar; Amgai, Birendra; Ghosh, Raktim; Fonarow, Gregg C.; Lavie, Carl J.; Naidu, Srihari S.

doi:10.1007/s40256-020-00420-2

Cited by 108 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The disease has been noted as causing significant cardiovascular damage, through the exacerbation of existing cardiac morbidity and through the consequences of direct viral damage, acute thromboembolism, hypoxic injury, indirect injury as a result of inflammation, myocardial ischemia/infarction as a result of plaque rupture, and heart failure [76,77].…”

Section: Longer Term Health Implications For Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

White

2020

Postgraduate Medicine

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The global pandemic as a result of the SARS-CoV2 virus has seen over 16 m people infected and over 650,000 deaths, with men at double the risk of both developing the severe form of the disease and mortality. There are both biological (sex) and socio-cultural (gender) factors, compounded by socioeconomic factors and ethnicity, that impact on the aftermath of what has occurred over the short time that this novel coronavirus has been circulating the world. The potential lifelong morbidity as a result of the infection and as a consequence of highly invasive critical care treatment needs to be factored into the rehabilitation of survivors. There are also many men whose lives will have been severely affected both physically and emotionally by the pandemic without ever contracting the disease, with the widespread disruption to normal existence and its impact on their social world and the economy. The implications of the closure of many healthcare services over the initial lockdown will also have both a shorter-and longer-term impact on other diseases due to missed early diagnosis and disrupted treatment regimes. Getting effective public health messages out to the population is critical and this current pandemic is demonstrating that there needs to be a more focused view on men's health behavior. Without effective public support for preventative action, the more likely the disease will continue its path unabated. This review explores the wider ramifications of the disease both for those men who have survived the disease and those that have been affected by the wider social effects of the pandemic. The pandemic should be a wake-up call for all involved in the planning and delivery of health and social care for the greater attention to the central role of sex and gender.

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Section: Longer Term Health Implications For Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

White

2020

Postgraduate Medicine

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“…However, the use of a d-dimer alone for risk stratification is not very useful for the following reasons: (1) elevated d-dimer levels are not specific for the diagnosis of VTE and (2) if only a high d-dimer level is relied on for diagnosis, it will unnecessarily increase the utilization of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) without much benefit. Moreover, CTPA may worsen kidney function as a result of contrast use in critically ill patients [38].…”

Section: Laboratory Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Thrombotic Complications in COVID-19: An Update

Hajra

Mathai

Ball

et al. 2020

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global pandemic. This virus primarily affects the respiratory tract and causes lung injury characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome. Although the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is not yet clear, the most widely accepted mechanism is systemic inflammation. A clinically significant effect of the inflammation is coagulopathy. As a result of this effect, patients are found to have a high risk of venous thromboembolism. Studies have reported a high incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill patients with COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the most updated evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the coagulopathy of COVID-19. Prophylactic anticoagulation is recommended for all in-patients with COVID-19. Those with a higher risk of developing thromboembolic events or who have already developed venous thromboembolism should be treated with therapeutic anticoagulation. We also discuss post-discharge prophylaxis for highrisk patients and some newly proposed treatments for the hypercoagulability that could improve the outcomes of the affected patients.

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“…Viral pneumonia and influenza are associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction up to six folds [4] the virus utilize angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter the cells. The ACE2 is expressed in the vascular endothelium; thus, the viremia could directly destabilize plaques and causing type 1 myocardial infarction (MI); moreover, COVID-19 can induce type 2 MI by increasing myocardial demand [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with STEMI and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19: an experience of Tanta University Hospital

et al. 2020

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Background Patients with established cardiovascular diseases have a poor prognosis when affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Also, the cardiovascular system, especially the heart, is affected by COVID-19. So we aimed to evaluate the angiographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients presented by ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Results Our retrospective study showed that STEMI patients with COVID-19 had elevated inflammatory markers with mean of their CRP (89.69 ± 30.42 mg/dl) and increased laboratory parameters of thrombosis with mean D-dimer (660.15 ± 360.11 ng/ml). In 69.2% of patients, STEMI was the first clinical presentation and symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 developed during the hospital stay; about one third of patients had a non-obstructive CAD, while patients with total occlusion had a high thrombus burden. Conclusion STEMI may be the initial presentation of COVID-19. A non-obstructive CAD was found in about one third of patients; on the other hand, in patients who had a total occlusion of their culprit artery, the thrombus burden was high. Identification of the underlying mechanism responsible for the high thrombus burden in these patients is important as it may result in changes in their primary management strategy, either primary PCI, fibrinolytic therapy, or a pharmaco-invasive strategy. Furthermore, adjunctive anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy may need to be revised.

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COVID-19 Pandemic: Cardiovascular Complications and Future Implications

Cited by 108 publications

References 107 publications

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

Men and COVID-19: the aftermath

Management of Thrombotic Complications in COVID-19: An Update

Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with STEMI and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19: an experience of Tanta University Hospital

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