COVID-19 outcomes in people living with HIV: Peering through the waves

Sales, Thaís Lorenna Souza; Silva, Maira Viana Rego Souza e; Pereira, Polianna Delfino; Neves, João Victor Baroni; Sacioto, Manuela Furtado; Assis, Vivian Costa Morais de; Duani, Helena; Oliveira, Neimy Ramos de; Sampaio, Natália da Cunha Severino; Ramos, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira; Schwarzbold, Alexandre Vargas; Jorge, Alzira de Oliveira; Scotton, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves; Castro, Bruno Mateus de; Silva, Carla Thaís Cândida Alves da; Ramos, Carolina Marques; Anschau, Fernando; Grizende, Genna Maira Santos; Nascimento, Guilherme Fagundes; Ruschel, Karen Brasil; Menezes, Luanna Silva Monteiro; Castro, Luís; Nasi, Luiz Antônio; Carneiro, Marcelo; Godoy, Mariana Frizzo de; Nogueira, Matheus Carvalho Alves; Júnior, Milton Henriques Guimarães; Ziegelmann, Patrícia Klarmann; Almeida, Rafaela dos Santos Charão de; Francisco, Saionara Cristina; Neto, Sidney Teodoro Silveira; Araújo, Silvia Ferreira; Avelino‐Silva, Thiago Junqueira; Aliberti, Márlon Juliano Romero; Pires, Magda Carvalho; Silva, Eduardo Sérgio da; Marcolino, Milena Soriano

doi:10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100223

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…HIV/SARS-CoV-2 individuals with higher pro-inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-8, IL-6 presented with disease severity and higher mortality than those who recovered [ 17 ]. Three other studies on co-infections linked reduction of T cell numbers to increased IL-6, IL-8, and CRP levels, causing a cytokine storm [ 23 – 25 ]. Among the co-infected individuals, unsuppressed HIV hampers T cell cross-recognition and responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and thereby leading to severe outcomes [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes and immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living with HIV

Amegashie,

Asamoah,

Ativi

et al. 2024

Exp. Biol. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People living with HIV (PLWH) usually suffer from co-infections and co-morbidities including respiratory tract infections. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to cause respiratory infections. There are uncertainties in the disease severity and immunological response among PLWH who are co-infected with COVID-19. This review outlines the current knowledge on the clinical outcomes and immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 among PLWH. Literature was searched in Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct conforming with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines from studies published from January 2020 to June 2023. A total of 81 studies from 25 countries were identified, and RT-PCR was used in confirming COVID-19 in 80 of the studies. Fifty-seven studies assessed risk factors and clinical outcomes in HIV patients co-infected with COVID-19. Thirty-nine of the studies indicated the following factors being associated with severe outcomes in HIV/SARS-CoV-2: older age, the male sex, African American race, smoking, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, low CD4+ count, high viral load, tuberculosis, high levels of inflammatory markers, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, interruption, and delayed initiation of ART. The severe outcomes are patients’ hospitalization, admission at intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, and death. Twenty (20) studies, however, reported no difference in clinical presentation among co-infected compared to mono-infected individuals. Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was investigated in 25 studies, with some of the studies reporting high levels of inflammatory markers, T cell exhaustion and lower positive conversion rate of IgG in PLWH. There is scanty information on the cytokines that predisposes to severity among HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infected individuals on combined ART. More research work should be carried out to validate co-infection-related cytokines and/or immune markers to SARS-CoV-2 among PLWH.

show abstract