COVID-19 Outcomes in Minority Ethnic Groups: Do Obesity and Metabolic Risk Play a Role?

Coleman, Paul; Barber, Thomas M.; Rens, Thijs van; Hanson, Petra; Coffey, Alice; Oyebode, Oyinlola

doi:10.1007/s13679-021-00459-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Obese communities have less access to healthy food while non-obese communities have greater access to healthy food. The findings contribute to the epidemiological inequality and urban development research regarding roles of obesity and food environment in inequalities related to COVID-19 outcomes [79]. COVID-19 has exposed existing obesity inequalities in a new context for Chicago, making healthy food access challenging and, thus, leading to further diffusion of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Food Environment Inequalities and Moderating Effects of Obesity on Their Relationships with COVID-19 in Chicago

Huang

2022

Sustainability

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The COVID-19 outbreak has raised challenges for people with health problems. Obesity is a global issue related to COVID-19. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) finds that obesity worsens COVID-19 outcomes. As body mass index increases, the COVID-19 death risk increases. Additionally, due to different restriction policies, the pandemic has transformed our food environment. Thus, it is important to develop an antivirus-enabled paradigm to decrease the COVID-19 spreading rate in neighborhoods with obesity concerns and design a sustainable and healthy food environment. It is found that both COVID-19 and obesity inequalities are associated with food environment inequalities, but few studies have examined the moderating effects of obesity and food environment on COVID-19. According to the Chicago Department of Public Health, more than 30% of the Chicago adult population is obese. Additionally, Chicago has 340,676 COVID-19 cases during the period between 1 March 2020 and 26 November 2021. This study uses regression models to examine the moderating effects of obesity and food environment on COVID-19 in Chicago. Besides food environment factors, green spaces and transportation access are considered. The results show COVID-19 is concentrated in areas with a high obesity rate and low food access. A 1 percent increase in obesity rate is associated with a 2.83 percent increase in COVID-19 death rate in a community. Additionally, the moderating effects of obesity on the association between food environment and COVID-19 are shown in the results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Food Environment Inequalities and Moderating Effects of Obesity on Their Relationships with COVID-19 in Chicago

Huang

2022

Sustainability

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“…Even after considering for ethnicity, it was shown that obesity was associated with adverse outcome as suggested by an increase in hospital admission, ICU/IMV requirement, and mortality. Although this was seen across Chinese, South Asian, and Arab ethnicities, this association was most prominent in populations with Black ethnicity [ 99 – 101 ].…”

Section: Obesity a Potential Risk For Covid-19-epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms contributing to adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in obesity

et al. 2022

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A growing amount of epidemiological data from multiple countries indicate an increased prevalence of obesity, more importantly central obesity, among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. This suggests that obesity is a major factor contributing to adverse outcome of the disease. As it is a metabolic disorder with dysregulated immune and endocrine function, it is logical that dysfunctional metabolism contributes to the mechanisms behind obesity being a risk factor for adverse outcome in COVID-19. Emerging data suggest that in obese subjects, (a) the molecular mechanisms of viral entry and spread mediated through ACE2 receptor, a multifunctional host cell protein which links to cellular homeostasis mechanisms, are affected. This includes perturbation of the physiological renin-angiotensin system pathway causing pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic challenges (b) existent metabolic overload and ER stress-induced UPR pathway make obese subjects vulnerable to severe COVID-19, (c) host cell response is altered involving reprogramming of metabolism and epigenetic mechanisms involving microRNAs in line with changes in obesity, and (d) adiposopathy with altered endocrine, adipokine, and cytokine profile contributes to altered immune cell metabolism, systemic inflammation, and vascular endothelial dysfunction, exacerbating COVID-19 pathology. In this review, we have examined the available literature on the underlying mechanisms contributing to obesity being a risk for adverse outcome in COVID-19.

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Experiences related to making healthy physical activity lifestyle choices during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study in a Teesside-based adult BAME population

Mbabazi,

MacGregor,

Breckon

et al. 2024

Cogent Public Health

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COVID-19 Outcomes in Minority Ethnic Groups: Do Obesity and Metabolic Risk Play a Role?

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Food Environment Inequalities and Moderating Effects of Obesity on Their Relationships with COVID-19 in Chicago

Food Environment Inequalities and Moderating Effects of Obesity on Their Relationships with COVID-19 in Chicago

Mechanisms contributing to adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in obesity

Experiences related to making healthy physical activity lifestyle choices during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study in a Teesside-based adult BAME population

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