COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review

Wenting, Angela; Gruters, Angélique A A; Os, Yindee van; Verstraeten, Sonja; Valentijn, Susanne A. M.; Ponds, Rudolf; Vugt, Marjolein de

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00860

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…35,36 Other proposed mechanisms of neurologic injury without severe chest imaging manifestations include silent hypoxia, metabolic disturbances, neuroinflammation, angiopathy, embolic phenomenon, or an autoimmune-mediated process. [37][38][39][40] While neurologic injury can occur in patients with mild pulmonary disease and with less evident chest imaging findings, the relative proportion of these patients is much smaller than those with more severe pulmonary findings.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of Chest Imaging is Correlated with Risk of Acute Neuroimaging Findings among Patients with COVID-19

Lang

Jiang

et al. 2021

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Severe respiratory distress in patients with COVID-19 has been associated with higher rate of neurologic manifestations. Our aim was to investigate whether the severity of chest imaging findings among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) correlates with the risk of acute neuroimaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This retrospective study included all patients with COVID-19 who received care at our hospital between March 3, 2020, and May 6, 2020, and underwent chest imaging within 10 days of neuroimaging. Chest radiographs were assessed using a previously validated automated neural network algorithm for COVID-19 (Pulmonary X-ray Severity score). Chest CTs were graded using a Chest CT Severity scoring system based on involvement of each lobe. Associations between chest imaging severity scores and acute neuroimaging findings were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS: Twenty-four of 93 patients (26%) included in the study had positive acute neuroimaging findings, including intracranial hemorrhage (n ¼ 7), infarction (n ¼ 7), leukoencephalopathy (n ¼ 6), or a combination of findings (n ¼ 4). The average length of hospitalization, prevalence of intensive care unit admission, and proportion of patients requiring intubation were significantly greater in patients with acute neuroimaging findings than in patients without them (P , .05 for all). Compared with patients without acute neuroimaging findings, patients with acute neuroimaging findings had significantly higher mean Pulmonary X-ray Severity scores (5.0 [SD, 2.9] versus 9.2 [SD, 3.4], P , .001) and mean Chest CT Severity scores (9.0 [SD, 5.1] versus 12.1 [SD, 5.0], P ¼ .041). The pulmonary x-ray severity score was a significant predictor of acute neuroimaging findings in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS:Patients with COVID-19 and acute neuroimaging findings had more severe findings on chest imaging on both radiographs and CT compared with patients with COVID-19 without acute neuroimaging findings. The severity of findings on chest radiography was a strong predictor of acute neuroimaging findings in patients with COVID-19.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of Chest Imaging is Correlated with Risk of Acute Neuroimaging Findings among Patients with COVID-19

Lang

Jiang

et al. 2021

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…4 Other contributing factors are blood pressure dysregulation, hypoxia and thrombotic complications . 5 Direct viral invasion was suggested via angiotensinconverting enzyme two receptors present on endothelial cells of cerebral vessels . 6 Other possible routes of neurological involvement include anterograde and retrograde transport along peripheral nerves and the hematological route .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological Manifestations in Egyptian Covid-19 Patients

Essmat

2021

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

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Background: The current Covid-19 pandemic massively overwhelmed the health scene in almost all world countries including Egypt. Neurological manifestations are commonly reported among Covid-19 patients. Aim of work: to describe the neurological manifestations in a group of Egyptian patients diagnosed with Covid-19. Patients and Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Patients included in the study comprised 50 patients with variable new-onset neurological manifestations in addition to other 50 patients without neurological manifestations recruited from other departments. All participants were subjected to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations. Patients with neurological manifestations were in addition submitted to computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as appropriate. The primary outcome of the present study is patients' in-hospital mortality. Results: Comparison between both groups shows that patients with neurological affection are significantly older (54.7 ± 12.8 versus 44.2 ± 18.8 years, p=0.002) with significantly higher BMI (32.4 ± 7.8 versus 26.3 ± 6.5 kg/m^2, p<0.001). The reported neurological manifestations included headache (78.0 %) taste and smell impairment (74.0 %), myalgia (62.0 %) and dizziness (58.0 %). It was also shown that 30 patients (60.0 %) died among patients with neurological affection while in patients without neurological affection only 13 patients (26.0 %) died (p=0.001). Neurological manifestations are independent predictor of mortality [OR (95% CI): 0.35 (0.14-0.88), p=0.025]. Conclusion: Neurological manifestations are common in Covid-19 patients. There is a significant association between the presence of neurological manifestations and mortality.

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“…Due to the pandemic, people are under great stress, so somatization symptoms appear, and even medical staff can solve mental health problems [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. It is also necessary to address complications such as mental health, central nervous system symptoms, and respiratory problems for people with COVID-19, and to consider potential disability risks [ 16 , 17 ]. As such, results of mental health, health, and well-being challenged by COVID-19 are likely to be long lasting [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)

Seong

Park

Chung

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring the attitudes that reflect the characteristics of the pandemic (Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)) and verifying its validity and reliability. This study used a methodological research design and was conducted with a development step and an evaluation step. The development step included development of preliminary items, content validity, face validity, and preliminary investigation. The evaluation step included item analysis, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion validity, factor naming, reliability, and completion of the final instrument. The A-PAS developed in this study consisted of a total of 20 items in five dimensions. The internal consistency of 20 items of the A-PAS, Cronbach’s α was 0.92 for 20 items, Cronbach’s α for each factor, a subscale of instrument, was 0.61~0.87 and Raykov’s p coefficient of each factor, which is a subscale of the tool, was found to be 0.60 to 0.88. Analysis of construct validity showed the results as follows: χ2 (p) = 134.05 (p < 0.001), RMSEA = 0.02, RMR = 0.02, GFI = 0.94, CFI = 0.99. The study findings suggest that the developed instrument can be utilized to measure the attitudes of adults toward pandemics, and reflect the reality of the pandemic situation. The outcomes can be used as valuable data for intervention, prevention activities, and policy preparation. The instrument will be applied in the event of a pandemic, such as COVID-19, and will be helpful in promoting the health of the people.

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COVID-19 Neurological Manifestations and Underlying Mechanisms: A Scoping Review

Cited by 41 publications

References 54 publications

Severity of Chest Imaging is Correlated with Risk of Acute Neuroimaging Findings among Patients with COVID-19

Severity of Chest Imaging is Correlated with Risk of Acute Neuroimaging Findings among Patients with COVID-19

Neurological Manifestations in Egyptian Covid-19 Patients

Development of the Adult Pandemic Attitude Scale (A-PAS)

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