COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: From Inflammation to Hyperinflammation

Abstract

Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is the result of the innate immune system activation, without which no adaptive response to the injection of vaccines is possible. COVID-19 mRNA vaccines would not escape this rule. Unfortunately, the degree of inflammation produced by these vaccines is variable, probably depending on the genetic background and previous immune experiences, which through epigenetic modifications, could have made the innate immune system of each individual tolerant or reactive to subsequent immune stimulations.We hypothesize that we can move from a limited pro-inflammatory condition to conditions of increasing expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines that can culminate in multisystem hyperinflammatory syndromes following COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (MIS-V). We have graphically represented this idea in a hypothetical inflammatory pyramid (IP) and we have correlated the time factor to the degree of inflammation produced after the injection of vaccines. Furthermore, we have placed the clinical manifestations within this hypothetical IP, correlating them to the degree of inflammation produced. Surprisingly, excluding the possible presence of an early MIS-V, the time factor and the complexity of clinical manifestations are correlated to the increasing degree of inflammation: symptoms, heart disease and syndromes (MIS-V).

Clinical rationale for dietary lutein supplementation in post COVID-19 and mRNA vaccine injury syndromes

“…11,71 Regarding the cardiological complications, Giannota et al analyzed the role of oxidative stress in relation to the angiotensin/aldosterone hormonal axis which becomes upregulated by the circulating mRNA-expressed spike protein. 73 Cases of pericarditis, associated with increased oxidative stress, can be attributed to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein expressed by mRNA vaccination. 11 In relation to oxidative stress, Table 2 provides a collection of representative studies, found by searching thoroughly in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, that relate to post-COVID and mRNA injury syndromes.…”