COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccines elicit strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in patients with cancer

Zeng, Cong; Evans, John P.; Chakravarthy, Karthik; Qu, Panke; Reisinger, Sarah A.; Song, No Joon; Rubinstein, Mark P.; Shields, Peter G.; Li, Zihai; Liu, Shan-Lu

doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2021.12.014

Cited by 67 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Importantly, the percentage of patients with detectable neutralizing responses to VOCs is broadened following booster vaccination 115 . Initial data on Omicron neutralization in patients with cancer confirm the expected findings deduced from the general population 116 : the percentage of patients with solid tumours with neutralizing responses against Omicron increased from 47.8% to 88.9% following a third vaccine dose 117 . In particular, patients with non-small-cell lung cancer have a 79-fold lower neutralizing response to Omicron compared with individuals without cancer after two doses of an mRNA vaccine 118 .…”

Section: Vaccination In Patients With Cancersupporting

confidence: 58%

COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety

et al. 2022

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Patients with cancer have a higher risk of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and associated mortality than the general population. Owing to this increased risk, patients with cancer have been prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination globally, for both primary and booster vaccinations. However, given that these patients were not included in the pivotal clinical trials, considerable uncertainty remains regarding vaccine efficacy, and the extent of humoral and cellular immune responses in these patients, as well as the risks of vaccine-related adverse events. In this Review, we summarize the current knowledge generated in studies conducted since COVID-19 vaccines first became available. We also highlight critical points that might affect vaccine efficacy in patients with cancer in the future.

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Section: Vaccination In Patients With Cancersupporting

confidence: 58%

COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety

et al. 2022

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“…In conclusion, in contrast to what has been observed after solid organ transplantation ( Jurdi et al., 2022 ), but as observed in solid cancer patients ( Zeng et al., 2021 ), our data indicate that a majority of allo-HCT patients without active moderate/severe chronic GVHD are able to produce NAb against Delta and Omicron variants in response to a third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Whether this response is sufficient to prevent severe COVID-19 remains to be established in larger studies.…”

Section: Main Textcontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…After booster immunization, 33 (87%), 31 (82%), and 23 (60.5%) patients had detectable NAb against the WT, Delta, and Omicron variants, respectively. As previously observed in healthy individuals ( Zeng et al., 2021 ; Gruell et al., 2022 ), patients had higher NT50 titers against the WT virus (median 1,078, geomean 566.8, p < 0.0001) than against the Delta (median 202, geomean 200.4) and the Omicron (median 80.5, geomean 74.4, p < 0.0001) variants following booster immunization. Furthermore, there were strong correlations between binding RBD Ab and NAb levels (p < 0.001; Figure S1 C).…”

Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 79%

Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants after third-dose BNT162b2 vaccination in allo-HCT recipients

et al. 2022

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“…In cancer patients, mRNA vaccines showed 4.2-fold and 21.3-fold lower efficacy against Delta and Omicron variants, and after boosting it was 3.6-fold and 5.1-fold lower for Delta and Omicron, respectively. It showed the effectiveness of boosting strategies in immunocompromised groups including cancer patients ( Zeng et al, 2021 ). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in the previously infected subjects, significant lower risk of infection with Omicron was not demonstrated but in vaccinated individuals it was reported ( Shrestha et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Vaccine Efficacy Against Omicronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, salient features, high global health concerns and strategies to counter it amid ongoing COVID-19 pandemic

Khandia

Singhal

Alqahtani

et al. 2022

Environmental Research

237

196

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Since the appearance in the late of December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly evolving and mutating continuously, giving rise to various variants with variable degrees of infectivity and lethality. The virus that initially appeared in China later mutated several times, wreaking havoc and claiming many lives worldwide amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. After Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants, the most recently emerged variant of concern (VOC) is the Omicron (B.1.1.529) that has evolved due to the accumulation of high numbers of mutations especially in the spike protein, raising concerns for its ability to evade from pre-existing immunity acquired through vaccination or natural infection as well as overpowering antibodies-based therapies. Several theories are on the surface to explain how the Omicron has gathered such a high number of mutations within less time. Few of them are higher mutation rates within a subgroup of population and then its introduction to a larger population, long term persistence and evolution of the virus in immune-compromised patients, and epizootic infection in animals from humans, where under different immune pressures the virus mutated and then got reintroduced to humans. Multifaceted approach including rapid diagnosis, genome analysis of emerging variants, ramping up of vaccination drives and receiving booster doses, efficacy testing of vaccines and immunotherapies against newly emerged variants, updating the available vaccines, designing of multivalent vaccines able to generate hybrid immunity, up-gradation of medical facilities and strict implementation of adequate prevention and control measures need to be given high priority to handle the on-going SARS-CoV-2 pandemic successfully.

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COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccines elicit strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in patients with cancer

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety

COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety

Antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants after third-dose BNT162b2 vaccination in allo-HCT recipients

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, salient features, high global health concerns and strategies to counter it amid ongoing COVID-19 pandemic

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