COVID-19 lockdown improved the health of coastal environment and enhanced the population of reef-fish

Edward, J. K. Patterson; Jayanthi, M.; Malleshappa, H.; Jeyasanta, K. Immaculate; Laju, R.L.; Patterson, Jamila; Raj, K. Diraviya; Mathews, G.; Marimuthu, Aarthy; Grimsditch, Gabriel

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112124

Cited by 68 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The improvement of water quality and the reduction in fishing pressure provided the opportunity for aquatic animals to multiple at a faster rate compared to the earlier period before the COVID-19 pandemic [33]. Edward et al [34] reported that water quality parameters such as turbidity, nutrient concentrations, microbial levels, microplastics, dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton concentrations, and fish densities in the southeast Indian coastal ecosystem have improved after the lockdown period associated with COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease in anthropogenic activities including tourism, business and commercial pursuits, agriculture, and industries has decreased discharges into water ways.…”

Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selvam et al [9] reported that the decrease in heavy metals and bacterial loads was due to decreased industrial and agricultural activities, respectively. After the lockdown, Edward et al [34] reported that macroplastic concentrations from eight locations along coastal area of the Gulf of Mannar, India have decreased from the range of 138-616 items/100 m 2 to 63-347 items/100 m 2 . In rivers, Goi [35], and Wang and Xue [36] reported that water turbidity and other water quality parameters improved as the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown provided opportunities for natural self-purification.…”

Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive impacts of COVID-19, although transient, allow for insights into the causes and consequences of anthropogenic activities that can be managed through effective regulation and management of eco-resources for the revival of biodiversity and ecosystem health [34,41]. With suitable strategies and commitments adopted by authorities and stakeholders, COVID-19 illustrated that an impaired environment can be efficiently restored.…”

Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulted in ecological changes of aquatic ecosystems, affected the aquatic food supply chain, and disrupted the socio-economy of global populations. Due to reduced human activities during the pandemic, the aquatic environment was reported to improve its water quality, wild fishery stocks, and biodiversity. However, the sudden surge of plastics and biomedical wastes during the COVID-19 pandemic masked the positive impacts and increased the risks of aquatic pollution, especially microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and disinfectants. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater treatment plants to natural water bodies could have serious impacts on the environment and human health, especially in developing countries with poor waste treatment facilities. The presence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in human excreta, wastewaters, and sludge and its transmission to aquatic ecosystems could have negative impacts on fisheries and aquaculture industries, which have direct implications on food safety and security. COVID-19 pandemic-related environmental pollution showed a high risk to aquatic food security and human health. This paper reviews the impacts of COVID-19, both positive and negative, and assesses the causes and consequences of anthropogenic activities that can be managed through effective regulation and management of eco-resources for the revival of biodiversity, ecosystem health, and sustainable aquatic food production.

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Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Positive Impacts Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

et al. 2021

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“…Marine and forest ecosystems have had the chance to recover during the national lockdowns, and nature reclaimed some space. Fish stocks are increasing from depleted levels, local water quality is improving, and the extent of litter has reduced due to the break from human intrusion ( Patterson Edward et al, 2021 ). In all five case study sites, some ecosystems have benefitted more than others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some areas, positive change could be observed as well. In recent months, fossil fuel emissions dropped significantly ( Muhammad et al, 2020 ), less noise pollution was recorded in many cities around the world ( Basu et al, 2021 ; Terry et al, 2021 ), and pressured ecosystems started to recover ( Patterson Edward et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, changes in patterns of individual behavior have been observed ( de Haas et al, 2020 ), and many forms of technological innovation that can improve our quality of life have been accelerating ( Brem et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Through the COVID-19 Window of Opportunity: Future Scenarios Arising From the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Five Case Study Sites

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic has caused (and continues to cause) severe disruption in global and local economies and has forced countries, societies, and individuals to adapt quickly to the unprecedented and unpredictable situations. Despite the obvious negative consequences of the pandemic, many have called for efforts to identify transformative opportunities for sustainable development throughout this disorderly time. In the present paper, we explore such potential opportunities in the context of an interdisciplinary, international research project, which is focusing on sustainable marine management in biosphere reserves and marine parks in Southeast Asia. During a virtual workshop conducted as part of the GCRF (Government’s Global Challenges Research Fund) Blue Communities Project, future scenarios were developed depicting the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on five case study sites. All of these sites are in areas of internationally recognized outstanding ecological value (Taka Bonerate Kepulauan-Selayar Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia; Tun Mustapha Park, Sabah, Malaysia; Palawan Biosphere Reserve, Philippines; North Devon Biosphere Reserve, United Kingdom; Cu Lao Cham-Hoi An Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam). At the macro-level, economies, governance structures, and societal norms are undergoing big changes. At the micro-level, the livelihoods, lifestyles, and backyards of local residents have to adapt. Collaboratively, we explored how COVID-19 posed challenges in our five case study sites, but we also focused on the potential COVID-19-related windows of opportunity for future sustainable development. Opportunities could be identified in all three pillars of sustainable development: the environment, the society, and the economy. Although remarkable similarities can be found across all five sites, we conclude that there cannot be a “one-size-fits-all” solution to turn the tide toward achieving sustainable development. Just as before the pandemic, sustainable development starts with engaging with and understanding local environments, challenges, and situations; building on local knowledge; and developing tailor-made solutions for the communities in situ.

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Sustainable Soil Management Threats Resulting from the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sambo

2022

International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2020/2021

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COVID-19 lockdown improved the health of coastal environment and enhanced the population of reef-fish

Cited by 68 publications

References 53 publications

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

Looking Through the COVID-19 Window of Opportunity: Future Scenarios Arising From the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Five Case Study Sites

Sustainable Soil Management Threats Resulting from the COVID-19 Pandemic

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