COVID-19 infodemic and Indonesian emotional and mental health state

Abstract

The currently ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic induced built-up fear and anxiety notably with non-stop surge information through all media. Understanding of emotional and mental health impact during this state is urgently needed for further intervention. This study aimed to identify the current pattern of depression, anxiety, stress and, emotional disorder presented in the society and the association between Indonesian news-seeking behaviour and their mental health state during the COVID-19 outbreak. A cross-sectional study with 1,508 respondents was carried out with online questionnaire consisted of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) and SRQ-20 as assessment tools that was distributed through social media platforms from April 2−June 8, 2020. Data was analyzed using Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, Post Hoc with Bonferroni, and Chi-square test (p<0.05). As much as 20.7% of respondents were depressed, 36.9% had anxiety, 25.5% had been stress, and 27.6% had emotional disorder. Most respondents actively searched about COVID-19 especially through television and social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Type of news and level of trust in COVID-19 news were the factors that influenced emotional and mental health state (p=<0.05). Providing mental health support in a timely and appropriate manner through a hotline team, media, or multidisciplinary team, including mental health professional is an important thing that the Indonesian government must do to help the Indonesian people through this pandemic.

Determinants of mental health status using depression anxiety stress scales during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

“…According to Indonesian Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS), mental disorders have started from 15 to 24 years old, and increase with age [19]. Furthermore, with the development of technology, it is easier to access news through social media, thus increasing anxiety during the pandemic [20]- [22].…”

EEG band power analysis corresponding to salivary amylase activity during stressful computer gameplay

“…Currently, mental stress caused comes from various sources, including information, social media, and technology [1,2]. Stress can be defined both as a reaction of a human to external stimuli (stressors) as a non-specific response of the body to any noxious stimulus [3,4].…”

“…The ability to provide a better temporal resolution of brain activity successfully improves the study of psychological stress using EEG. This study aims to examine the following aspects: (1) to find out whether the brain waves from the frequency decomposition could reflect the biochemical process of sAA changes during different phases (resting to intense activity/playing a computer game); (2) to confirm this study with previous findings and the way it can improve the understanding of the human's body properties using biosignals, especially to surrogate the validity and utilization of brain waves instead sAA to assess mental health; and finally (3) to extend the study of EEG to quantify the hormonal changes and/or biochemical processes that represent a psychological condition using a specific index.…”

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“…Rasa takut, cemas, dan khawatir juga merupakan dampak yang disebutkan dalam penelitian Nasrullah dan Sulaiman (2021) sebagai dampak dari pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian lainnya dengan sampel sebesar 1,508 orang Indonesia menemukan bahwa 20.7% mengalami depresi, 36.9% mengalami kecemasan, 25.5% mengalami stres, dan 27.6% mengalami gangguan emosi akibat pandemi Covid-19 terutama pada orang-orang yang kerap kali memperbarui berita tentang Covid-19 di televisi atau media sosial (Syakurah et al, 2021). VOLUME 6, NOMOR 1, 2022: 39-58 Pemerintah Indonesia melakukan upaya pencegahan penularan Covid-19 dengan menyusun dan menerapkan kebijakan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PKKM).…”