COVID-19 Inflammatory Markers and Vitamin D Relationship in Pediatric Patients

Bagiu, Iulia Cristina; Scurtu, Ileana Luminita; Horhat, Delia Ioana; Moţ, Ion Cristian; Horhat, Razvan Mihai; Bagiu, Radu Vasile; Căpraru, Ionuț Dragoș; Diaconu, Mircea; Adam, Ovidiu; Ciornei, Bogdan; Vulcanescu, Dan Dumitru; Juganaru, Iulius; Bondar, Andrei-Cristian; Horhat, Florin George

doi:10.3390/life13010091

Cited by 6 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…In a previous study, it was established that CRP was higher in older children and adolescents, whose immune system is more developed, and, hence, more akin to that of adults’ and elders’ [ 33 ]. Following a retrospective analysis of a group of 3424 children in Indonesia, it was concluded that CRP levels may be a good indicator for the treatment and early identification of the disease in children [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Biomarkers Comparison: Children, Adults and Elders

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: this study aimed to research links between C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinekinase (CK), 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD), ferritin (FER), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)cholesterol and clinical severity in patients from the western part of Romania, and compare their potential use as biomarkers for intensive care units (ICU) admission and death in children, adults and elders. Materials and Methods: this study is a retrospective cohort study, performed on patients positively diagnosed with COVID-19. Available CRP, LDH, CK 25-OH vitamin D, ferritin, HDL cholesterol and clinical severity were recorded. The following were assessed: median group differences, association, correlation and receiver operating characteristic. Results: 381 children, 614 adults and 381 elders were studied between 1 March 2021 and 1 March 2022. Most children and adults presented mild symptomatology (53.28%, 35.02%, respectively), while most elders presented severe symptomatology (30.04%). ICU admission was 3.67% for children, 13.19% for adults and 46.09% for elders, while mortality was 0.79% for children, 8.63% for adults and 25.1% for elders. With the exception of CK, all other biomarkers showed some significant associations with clinical severity, ICU admission and death. Conclusions: CRP, LDH, 25-OH vitamin D, ferritin and HDL are important biomarkers for COVID-19 positive patients, especially in the pediatric population, while CK was mostly within normal ranges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Biomarkers Comparison: Children, Adults and Elders

et al. 2023

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“…The major laboratory markers that were studied by Romanian authors are displayed in Table 1. Yes, even more so in Roma [53,54,[58][59][60][61][62]70] Diabetes [48,94] Antiphospholipid syndrome [47] Hypertension [27] Cardiac dysfunction [46,73,93] Overweight/metabolic syndrome [27,54,93] Lung involvement [50,57] PIMS [83] Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Exacerbation [42] Pneumothorax/ pneumomediastinum [31,72] Liver failure [44] Multiple organ dysfunction [ [57,58,102,103] No [55] More comorbidities [29,101] Lung involvement [57] In addition, this article aimed to identify gaps in this research and provide encouragement for Romanian research to focus on novel and detailed aspects of the pandemic. For instance, as Romania grapples with the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the long-term effects of the disease is of paramount importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Laboratory Markers from Romanian Patients—A Narrative Review

Musat,

Sorop,

Sorop

et al. 2023

Life

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COVID-19 has significantly impacted the whole world, and Romania was no exception. Biomarkers play a crucial role in understanding and managing the disease. However, research regarding laboratory analyses for patients with COVID-19 is fairly limited. For detection, PCR testing is still considered the golden standard, while antibodies are still useful for monitoring both patients and their vaccination status. In our country, biomarkers such as CRP, LDH, transaminases, cardiac, and iron markers have been used to assess the status of patients and even predict illness outcome. CRP, IL-6, LDH, FER, fibrinogen, creatinine, and vitamin D levels have been associated with increased severity, risk of ICU admission, and death. Cardiac markers and D-dimers are also good predictors, but their role seems more important in patients with complications. HDL cholesterol and BUN levels were also suggested as potential biomarkers. Hematological issues in SARS-CoV-2 infections include neutrophilia, lymphopenia and their ratio, while PCT, which is a marker of bacterial infections, is better to be used in patients with co- or supra-infections. The current research is a narrative review that focuses on the laboratory results of Romanian COVID-19 patients. The goal of this article is to provide an update on the research on biomarkers and other laboratory tests conducted inside the borders of Romania and identify gaps in this regard. Secondly, options for further research are discussed and encouraged.

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“…Previous studies analyzed the relationship/role of vitamin D levels/supplementation in incidence/severity of respiratory tract infections, including COVID-19 [7][8][9]. Studies regarding the relationship between vitamin D and COVID-19 clinical and laboratory profile or disease outcomes, mainly focused on adult patients and often showed conflicting results [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. A series of studies identified a negative correlation between vitamin D and NLR and CRP [12,13], while other studies did not identify any correlation between them [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies regarding the relationship between vitamin D and COVID-19 clinical and laboratory profile or disease outcomes, mainly focused on adult patients and often showed conflicting results [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. A series of studies identified a negative correlation between vitamin D and NLR and CRP [12,13], while other studies did not identify any correlation between them [14][15][16][17]. The study of Yarali et al [18] reported that in SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, the leukocytes count was normal, while the study of Yamada et al [19] reported the association between leukocytosis and a poor outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Levels in COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19 Pediatric Patients and Its Relationship with Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics

Totan,

Matacuta-Bogdan,

Hasegan

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is a marker with an important role in regulating the inflammatory response. Low concentrations of this vitamin are often found among the population, correlated with increased risk of respiratory tract infections. The aim of the study is to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and clinical and laboratory markers in children and adolescents hospitalized with and without COVID-19. A retrospective study, including all patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 and having vitamin D measured, was performed. All included hospitalized cases, 78 COVID-19 patients and 162 NonCOVID-19 patients, were divided into subgroups according to their 25(OH)D serum levels (<20 ng/mL—deficiency, 20–30 ng/mL—insufficiency, ≥30 ng/mL—normal or <30 ng/mL, ≥30 ng/mL) and age (≤2 years, >2 years). Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency increased with age, in both COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19 groups. All symptoms were encountered more frequently in cases of pediatric patients with COVID-19 in comparison with NonCOVID-19 cases. The most frequently encountered symptoms in the COVID-19 group were fever, loss of appetite, and nasal congestion. In the NonCOVID-19 group, serum 25(OH)D concentrations were positively correlated with leukocytes, lymphocytes, and LMR and negatively correlated with neutrophils, NLR, and PLR while no significant correlation was observed in the case of COVID-19 group. Differences between vitamin D status and clinical and laboratory parameters were observed, but their clinical significance should be interpreted with caution. The results of this study may offer further support for future studies exploring the mechanisms of the relationship between vitamin D and clinical and laboratory markers as well as for studies investigating the implications of vitamin D deficiency/supplementation on overall health/clinical outcomes of patients with/without COVID-19.

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COVID-19 Inflammatory Markers and Vitamin D Relationship in Pediatric Patients

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

COVID-19 Biomarkers Comparison: Children, Adults and Elders

COVID-19 Biomarkers Comparison: Children, Adults and Elders

COVID-19 and Laboratory Markers from Romanian Patients—A Narrative Review

Vitamin D Levels in COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19 Pediatric Patients and Its Relationship with Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics

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