COVID-19 infection may increase the risk of parkinsonism – Remember the Spanish flu?

Eldeeb, Mohamed A.; Hussain, Faraz; Siddiqi, Zaeem A.

doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.009

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recent findings suggest that an autoimmune response in the basal ganglia plays a role in the etiology of this disease ( Koning, 2009 ). It is important to highlight that viral parkinsonism was present in some patients who survived the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918 with manifested symptoms of viral encephalitis ( Eldeeb et al, 2020 ). These findings create an overlap between these diseases immune-inflammatory etiology and highlight the involvement of the basal ganglia.…”

Section: Ocd and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Nezgovorova

Ferretti

Pallanti

et al. 2022

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Section: Ocd and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Nezgovorova

Ferretti

Pallanti

et al. 2022

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…Consequently, an area of future concern is whether SARS-CoV-2 infection would expand the exploding cases of PD worldwide ( Otero-Losada et al, 2020 ). In the past, the incidence of parkinsonism was observed to increase after the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918 with people born during the pandemic having 2–3-fold risk to develop parkinsonism compared to people born before to 1888 or after 1924 ( Jang et al, 2009 ; Eldeeb et al, 2020 ). Since then, association of various viruses and parkinsonism has been reported ( Jang et al, 2009 ; Eldeeb et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Perspectives: Implications Of Microglial Reactivity In Sars-cov-2 Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, the incidence of parkinsonism was observed to increase after the Spanish flu pandemic in 1918 with people born during the pandemic having 2–3-fold risk to develop parkinsonism compared to people born before to 1888 or after 1924 ( Jang et al, 2009 ; Eldeeb et al, 2020 ). Since then, association of various viruses and parkinsonism has been reported ( Jang et al, 2009 ; Eldeeb et al, 2020 ). PD is the fastest growing neurodegenerative disease and movement disorder with a prevalence described to have achieved pandemic status ( Dorsey et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Perspectives: Implications Of Microglial Reactivity In Sars-cov-2 Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglial Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19: Lessons From Viral RNA Neurotropism and Possible Relevance to Parkinson’s Disease

Awogbindin

Ben-Azu

Olusola

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Since December 2019, humankind has been experiencing a ravaging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, the second coronavirus pandemic in a decade after the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) disease in 2012. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is responsible for over 3.1 million deaths worldwide. With the emergence of a second and a third wave of infection across the globe, and the rising record of multiple reinfections and relapses, SARS-CoV-2 infection shows no sign of abating. In addition, it is now evident that SARS-CoV-2 infection presents with neurological symptoms that include early hyposmia, ischemic stroke, meningitis, delirium and falls, even after viral clearance. This may suggest chronic or permanent changes to the neurons, glial cells, and/or brain vasculature in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19. Within the central nervous system (CNS), microglia act as the central housekeepers against altered homeostatic states, including during viral neurotropic infections. In this review, we highlight microglial responses to viral neuroinfections, especially those with a similar genetic composition and route of entry as SARS-CoV-2. As the primary sensor of viral infection in the CNS, we describe the pathogenic and neuroinvasive mechanisms of RNA viruses and SARS-CoV-2 vis-à-vis the microglial means of viral recognition. Responses of microglia which may culminate in viral clearance or immunopathology are also covered. Lastly, we further discuss the implication of SARS-CoV-2 CNS invasion on microglial plasticity and associated long-term neurodegeneration. As such, this review provides insight into some of the mechanisms by which microglia could contribute to the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 neurological sequelae and disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, which could be pervasive in the coming years given the growing numbers of infected and re-infected individuals globally.

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“…This therapeutic modality has proved effective in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis and is currently being assessed for other neurodegenerative disorders ( Maghazachi, 2013b ; Garofalo et al, 2020 ). Indeed, the NKCs immunotherapy could benefit patients with PD as, like influenza H5N1 and H1N1 viruses, SARS-CoV-2 may preferentially target the dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra ( Eldeeb et al, 2020 ). In addition, as NKCs accelerate the elimination of senescent cells and α-synuclein, they may comprise a “generic” treatment for multiple neurodegenerative disorders ( Earls et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Nkcs Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, ferrosenescence and neurodegeneration, a mini-review

Sfera

Osorio

Maguire

et al. 2021

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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COVID-19 infection may increase the risk of parkinsonism – Remember the Spanish flu?

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Modulating neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Modulating neuroinflammation in COVID-19 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Microglial Implications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19: Lessons From Viral RNA Neurotropism and Possible Relevance to Parkinson’s Disease

COVID-19, ferrosenescence and neurodegeneration, a mini-review

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