COVID-19 Infection and the Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women

Abstract

Objective: To determine the relationship between COVID-19 infection and preeclampsia in pregnant women at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
 Methods: This study used cross-sctional study with simple random sampling. The data is secondary data from medical records of 118 pregnant women who checked their pregnancies from March 2020 to December 2021 at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember and analyzed with chi-square test and logistic regression test.
 Results: Multivariate analysis showed that there were a relationship between COVID-19 infection with preeclampsia. COVID-19 is the most risky variable with an OR of 4.045 (95% CI 1.595 – 10.259). This condition happens because COVID-19 infection triggers down-regulation of RAS which make the failure of spiral artery remodelling and preeclampsia.
 Conclusion: There is a relationship between COVID-19 infection and the incidence of preeclampsia in RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
 Keywords: COVID-19, preeclampsia, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), SARS-CoV-2
 
 Abstrak
 Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara infeksi COVID-19 dengan kejadian preeklamsia pada ibu hamil di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. 
 Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis 118 ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilannya mulai Maret 2020 hingga Desember 2021 di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember dan dianalisa dengan uji statistik Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik.
 Hasil: Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara infeksi COVID-19, usia, dan obesitas dengan kejadian preeklamsia di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. Variabel COVID-19 merupakan variabel yang paling berisiko terhadap terjadinya preeklampsia dengan OR 4,045 (95% CI 1,595 – 10,259). Hal ini terjadi karena infeksi COVID-19 memicu down-regulasi pada RAS yang mengakibatkan kegagalan remodelling arteri spiralis dan preeklamsia
 Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara infeksi COVID-19 dengan kejadian preeklamsia di RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
 Kata kunci: COVID-19, preeklamsia, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), SARS-CoV-2