COVID-19 Infection and Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A Case Series

Carpenter, Kendal; Iqbal, Ayman; Singh, Romil; Deepika, Keerti; Koritala, Thoyaja; Jain, Nitesh; Alur, Ram Sanjeev; Adhikari, Ramesh; Mellekate, Vishwas S

doi:10.7759/cureus.21998

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Electromyography will help clinicians with different GBS subtypes. Typical findings on electromyography in GBS are prolonged or abnormal F waves, absent H reflexes, reduced motor conduction velocities, and absent or diminished sensory action potentials [22]. In this case, the patient presented with prolonged F waves in the right median and left ulnar.…”

Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 73%

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and multiple lacunar infarcts in a COVID-19 patient

Suci,

Rosyid,

Wulaa

et al. 2023

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Hyperactivity immune responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to several manifestations in the human organ. One of the most affected organs is the respiratory system. Not only does it affect the respiratory system, but hyperactivity can also affect the neuromuscular and cerebrovascular systems, though it is scarce for both systems to be affected simultaneously. Case presentation: We presented a mild COVID-19 patient with a history of progressive general weakness and dysphagia on day seventh day after patient was first diagnosed with COVID-19, which continued with diplopia and shortness of breath. The patient experienced respiratory failure type 1 and was admitted to an intensive care unit. A head CT scan showed multiple lacunar infarcts in the nucleus lentiform, while the electromyography (EMG) showed Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with the subtype acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP). The patient was reported to have successful therapy with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for five days and physical rehabilitation for three months. General weakness disappeared after the therapy, and the patient could do regular daily activities. Conclusions: Various neurological symptoms can manifest in COVID-19 patients. Acute progressive muscle weakness should be considered as an autoimmune and cerebrovascular disease induced by COVID-19. Early diagnosis and treatment can provide a better outcome for the patient.

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Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 73%

Guillain-Barré Syndrome and multiple lacunar infarcts in a COVID-19 patient

Suci,

Rosyid,

Wulaa

et al. 2023

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…There are some papers reporting GBS in SARS-CoV-2 individuals who had no upper respiratory tract infection symptoms. 20,21,23,28 Furthermore, Zhao et al and Cea et al also reported cases where the latency period was 0 days as GBS symptoms preceded COVID-19 symptoms. 25,32 The postponement of GBS neurological features is related to the pathogenesis of GBS in SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Guillain-Barre Syndrome linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection – meta-analysis and literature review

Nikola

ŻOŁNIEREK

KOTUSIEWICZ

et al. 2023

J Educ Health Sport

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Background The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), was originally detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In this meta-analysis and literature review, we compared and summarized the clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and electromyography (EMG) findings and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) and its variants. Methods We conducted a literature review in February 2023 searching for terms “Guillain-Barre Syndrome and COVID-19", “SARS neurology”, “COVID-19 complications”. We used PubMed and Google Scholar databases inquiring case reports or series of cases published between April 1, 2020, and September 14, 2023. Results Of the 52 GBS cases 61,5% (n=32) were male and 39,5% (n=20) were female. The mean age was 57 years old. A total of 75% (n=33) patients presented acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) variant, 6,8% (n=3) presented acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) variant, 15,9% (n=7) presented acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) variant. A total of 85,7% (n=42) of patients were diagnosed with albuminocytological dissociation. During the hospitalization, a total of 30,8% (n=16) required mechanical ventilation. A total of 61,5% (n=32) of patients were treated with a 5-day regimen of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in dose 0.4 g/kg/day. There were 46,1% (n=24) complete recoveries from GBS, 32,7% (n=17) partial recoveries and 9,6% (n=5) of patients did not respond to treatment. A total of 11,5% (n=6) of patients died. Conclusion It is crucial to follow patients with COVID-19 and GBS over time to estimate properly the efficacy of treatment and evaluate the real percentage of recovery and complications.

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“…Most of the neurological symptoms reported following vaccination are mild and transient, such as headache, dizziness, myalgia, and paresthesia. A few case reports have described more serious neurological symptoms such as GBS, transverse myelitis, and cranial nerve neuropathies [ 9 - 11 ]. Garg and Paliwal reviewed published studies on COVID-19 vaccines associated with neurological complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%