COVID-19 in pregnancy

Nana, Melanie; Nelson‐Piercy, Catherine

doi:10.7861/clinmed.2021-0503

Cited by 37 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1 Compared with nonpregnant women of childbearing age with SARS-CoV-2 infection, pregnant women are more likely to be needed for respiratory support and admitted to an ICU. 2 Pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at high risk for adverse perinatal outcomes such as early pregnancy loss, fetal growth retardation, and preterm delivery. 3,4 Impaired placental function, hypoperfusion, and inflammation might lead to fetal decompensation that increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection is a major public health problem, with hospitalizations, admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU), and even deaths 1 . Compared with non‐pregnant women of childbearing age with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, pregnant women are more likely to be needed for respiratory support and admitted to an ICU 2 . Pregnant women with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are at high risk for adverse perinatal outcomes such as early pregnancy loss, fetal growth retardation, and preterm delivery 3,4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased fetal cardiac output in pregnant women with severe SARS‐Cov‐2 infection

et al. 2022

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Aim:We aimed to examine fetal cardiac output (CO) in patients who recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Materials:This prospective study included 48 pregnant women recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection and 50 control cases. SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test in patients. Fetal echocardiographic evaluations were performed at 24-37 weeks of gestation in pregnant women who recovered from the infection and control group. Results:The median value of ultrasound evaluation was 34 (2.6) weeks of gestation in the recovery from the SARS-CoV-2 infection (RSI) group, and 32 (7.6) weeks in the control group (p = .565). Left cardiac output (LCO) z score was significantly lower in the RSI group than the control group (p = .041). LCO and combine cardiac output (CCO) z score were significantly lower in the severe disease group than mild, moderate disease groups, and controls (p = .019 and p = .013). CCO (ml/min/kg) was decreased in the severe disease group when compared with control and mild disease groups (p = .044). Conclusion:In the present study, fetal cardiac output in pregnant women who recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection was found to be significantly reduced in those with severe disease, while there was no significant difference in mild and moderate cases.Placental dysfunction and inflammatory cytokines might cause fetal cardiac changes.Further studies could be clarified on the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal cardiac function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased fetal cardiac output in pregnant women with severe SARS‐Cov‐2 infection

et al. 2022

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“…Evidence has shown that pregnant women also comprise a vulnerable group, with higher rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation when compared to non-pregnant adults of a similar age group [ 5 ]. As reported in non-pregnant adults, pre-existing comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, high maternal age, and obesity have been identified as risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease in pregnancy [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Pregnant Women With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Wave of COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Institute in Eastern India

Singh¹,

Choudhary²,

Datta³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundThe ongoing coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the most devastating health care crisis of our times. Pregnant women with COVID-19 infection belong to a vulnerable group with concerns about the effect of the disease on maternal and neonatal health. As we are dealing with a new disease, we must study the changing trend of disease presentation, diagnosis, and treatment to successfully manage such pregnancies. ObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the differences in presenting features, comorbidities, the fetal and maternal outcomes in COVID-19 positive pregnant women in the first and second wave of the pandemic in a tertiary care institute in eastern India. MethodologyThis study was a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. All COVID-19 positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen (RTPCR) test pregnant women (249 women) admitted to the hospital from May 2020 to August 2021 were included in this study. Out of the total, 139 women were admitted during the first wave (May 2020 to February 2021), and 110 women were admitted during the second wave (March 2021 to August 2021) of the pandemic. Data like baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, associated comorbidities, management modalities, the maternal and neonatal outcomes were analyzed and compared. ResultsThe peak of the first wave of COVID-19 was found during the months of August-October 2020, while the second wave was in April-May 2021. The majority of women had the asymptomatic or mild disease during both waves, but 14 women had moderate to severe disease during the second wave as compared to two women during the first wave. There was a significant increase in maternal deaths in the second wave (3.64%) as compared to the first wave (0.00%). During the second wave, out of 85 women who delivered, 78.8% (n=67) women had a cesarean section which was significantly higher than the first wave (64.6%). Hypertensive disorders (pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension) were the most common associated comorbidity, followed by diabetes (gestational diabetes, diabetes mellitus type 2) and anemia during both waves of the pandemic. The rate of preterm delivery was 27.78% (n=35) and 24.71% (n=21) during the first and second waves, respectively. Two babies tested positive within 24 hours of delivery during the first wave and one during the second wave. ConclusionA significantly higher number of moderate to severe disease and maternal deaths were reported during the second wave of the pandemic. A higher incidence of severe oligohydramnios and cesarean section was seen during the second wave. The frequency of preterm deliveries and low birth weight remained high during both waves. Neonatal COVID-19 infection was seen during both waves, but the incidence remained low.

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“…At the population level, pregnant women are a vulnerable group, with a greater risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, increasing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes [ 1 ]. In this context, statistics from the UK reported a total of 9% of pregnant women and 6-week postpartum COVID-19 admissions to intensive care units (ICU) [ 2 ], while a review highlighted that most infections occurred during the third trimester, 11% of pregnant women with COVID-19 required admission to ICU, and 8% required mechanical ventilation [ 3 ]. It has also been reported that prevalence among women is variable, rising from 0.5% to 5% in the span of 2 weeks [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Entero-Mammary Pathway and Perinatal Transmission of Gut Microbiota and SARS-CoV-2

Juárez-Castelán

Vélez-Ixta

Corona-Cervantes

et al. 2022

IJMS

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COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disease threatening pregnant women, which increases the possibility of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Several recent studies have demonstrated the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect the mother enterocytes, disturbing the gut microbiota diversity. The aim of this study was to characterize the entero-mammary microbiota of women in the presence of the virus during delivery. Fifty mother–neonate pairs were included in a transversal descriptive work. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in nasopharyngeal, mother rectal swabs (MRS) and neonate rectal swabs (NRS) collected from the pairs, and human colostrum (HC) samples collected from mothers. The microbiota diversity was characterized by high-throughput DNA sequencing of V3-16S rRNA gene libraries prepared from HC, MRS, and NRS. Data were analyzed with QIIME2 and R. Our results indicate that several bacterial taxa are highly abundant in MRS positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. These bacteria mostly belong to the Firmicutes phylum; for instance, the families Bifidobacteriaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Microbacteriaceae have been previously associated with anti-inflammatory effects, which could explain the capability of women to overcome the infection. All samples, both positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2, featured a high abundance of the Firmicutes phylum. Further data analysis showed that nearly 20% of the bacterial diversity found in HC was also identified in MRS. Spearman correlation analysis highlighted that some genera of the Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria phyla were negatively correlated with MRS and NRS (p < 0.005). This study provides new insights into the gut microbiota of pregnant women and their potential association with a better outcome during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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COVID-19 in pregnancy

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Decreased fetal cardiac output in pregnant women with severe SARS‐Cov‐2 infection

Decreased fetal cardiac output in pregnant women with severe SARS‐Cov‐2 infection

Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Pregnant Women With SARS-CoV-2 Infection During the First and Second Wave of COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Institute in Eastern India

The Entero-Mammary Pathway and Perinatal Transmission of Gut Microbiota and SARS-CoV-2

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