COVID-19 in Brazil: far beyond biopolitics

Dall'Alba, Rafael; Rocha, Cristianne Famer; Silveira, Roberta de Pinho; Dresch, Liciane da Silva Costa; Vieira, Luciana Araujo; Germanò, Marco André

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00202-6

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Some measures adopted by the Federal Government to fight the pandemic such as the encouragement to use alternative medicines without scientific evidence as “early treatment”, the denial of the need to follow social isolation to avoid the detriment of the economy, the public politicians’ statements questioning the use of masks and the effectiveness of vaccines, among others, went against all recommendations from national and international health authorities. There are flaws in the national response plan and the logistics of vaccination in Brazil, with strong scientific denialism [ 12 ]. While several countries have expanded investments in social policies to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic on the poor population, the Brazilian Government chose to strengthen economic policies, exposing a huge number of workers to pandemic conditions, which also includes starvation and misery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health and Social Care Inequalities: The Impact of COVID-19 on People Experiencing Homelessness in Brazil

Nunes

Rodriguez

Cinacchi

2021

IJERPH

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This article aims to reflect on the challenges affecting people experiencing homelessness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, due the COVID-19 pandemic. Participatory research was carried out to identify data related to sociodemographic profile; strategies for survival; health and social care support; and access to services during the pandemic. The research methodology was co-designed with NGOs and people with lived experience of homelessness and involved conducting semi-structured questionnaires with 304 participants in 2020. The results highlighted the worsening of the situation of extreme vulnerability and poverty already experienced by this population before the pandemic. Key strategies led by Third Sector organizations to reduce the spread of the virus, to minimize the financial impact of lockdown, and to increase emotional support and information on COVID-19 were presented. The conclusions show the complexity of issues affecting these groups and the need for urgent response from public policies and Government support to guarantee their rights, dignity, and respect during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the necropolitics of Achille Mbembe [ 13 ] helps us think about what is happening in Brazil [ 12 ]. This concept describes the power to determine who can live and who should die.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Social Care Inequalities: The Impact of COVID-19 on People Experiencing Homelessness in Brazil

Nunes

Rodriguez

Cinacchi

2021

IJERPH

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“…As provided in Article 37 of the MCE, the physician is prohibited from “prescribing treatment or other procedures without direct examination of the patient, except in cases of urgency or emergency and proven impossibility of performing it, and, in such circumstances, must do so immediately after ceasing the impediment” [ 30 ]. The State of Emergency in Public Health of National Importance (ESPIN) [ 31 ] triggered during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic fits into this prerogative, thus supporting teleconsultations during this exceptional period where the Brazilian society had the opportunity to experience remote medical care more extensively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of e-Health Initiatives to Reduce Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Burden on Brazilian Health System

Rodrigues

Belber

Borysow

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) account for 72% of the causes of death in Brazil. In 2013, 54 million Brazilians reported having at least one NCD. The implementation of e-Health in the Unified Health System (SUS) could fill gaps in access to health in primary health care (PHC). Objective: to demonstrate telehealth strategies carried out within the scope of the Institutional Development Support Program of the Unified Health System (PROADI-SUS) and developed by Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, between 2018 and 2021, on evaluation, supply, and problem-solving capacity for patients with NCDs. Methodology: a prospective and descriptive study of three projects in the telehealth areas, using document analysis. The Brasil Redes project used availability, implementation, and cost-effectiveness analysis, TELEconsulta Diabetes is a randomized clinical trial, and Regula Mais Brasil is focused on the waiting list for regulation of specialties. All those strategies were developed within the scope of the SUS. Results: 161 patients were attended by endocrinology teleconsultation in one project and another two research projects, one evaluating Brazil’s Telehealth Network Program, and another evaluating effectiveness and safety of teleconsultation in patients with diabetes mellitus referred from primary care to specialized care in SUS. Despite the discrepancy in the provision of telehealth services in the country, there was an increase in access to specialized care on the three projects and especially on the Regula Mais Brasil Collaborative project; we observed a reduction on waiting time and favored distance education processes. Conclusion: the three projects offered subsidies for decision-making by the Ministry of Health in e-Health and two developed technologies that could be incorporated into SUS.

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“…Moreover, Brazil has been affected by a serious scenario of instability and political polarization. 31,32 Concerning this, conflicting measures by state governors and the federal government may have compromised the population's adherence to the measures of social distancing and prevention measures against the virus, resulting in an even more unstable situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Pattern of COVID-19–Related Mortality during the First Year of the Pandemic in Brazil: A Population-based Study in a Region of High Social Vulnerability

Andrade

Paz

Lima

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Currently, the world is facing a severe pandemic caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Although the WHO has recommended preventive measures to limit its spread, Brazil has neglected most of these recommendations, and consequently, our country has the second largest number of deaths from COVID-19 worldwide. In addition, recent studies have shown the relationship between socioeconomic inequalities and the risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Herein, we aimed to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of mortality and lethality rates of COVID-19 in a region of high social vulnerability in Brazil (Northeast region) during the first year of the pandemic. A segmented log-linear regression model was applied to assess temporal trends of mortality and case fatality rate (CFR) and according to the social vulnerability index (SVI). The Local Empirical Bayesian Estimator and Global Moran Index were used for spatial analysis. We conducted a retrospective space–time scan to map clusters at high risk of death from COVID-19. A total of 66,358 COVID-19–related deaths were reported during this period. The mortality rate was 116.2/100,000 inhabitants, and the CFR was 2.3%. Nevertheless, CFR was > 7.5% in 27 municipalities (1.5%). We observed an increasing trend of deaths in this region (AMCP = 18.2; P = 0.001). Also, increasing trends were observed in municipalities with high (N = 859) and very high SVI (N = 587). We identified two significant spatiotemporal clusters of deaths by COVID-19 in this Brazilian region (P = 0.001), and most high-risk municipalities were on the coastal strip of the region. Taken together, our analyses demonstrate that the pandemic has been responsible for several deaths in Northeast Brazil, with clusters at high risk of mortality mainly in municipalities on the coastline and those with high SVI.

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COVID-19 in Brazil: far beyond biopolitics

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Health and Social Care Inequalities: The Impact of COVID-19 on People Experiencing Homelessness in Brazil

Health and Social Care Inequalities: The Impact of COVID-19 on People Experiencing Homelessness in Brazil

Description of e-Health Initiatives to Reduce Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Burden on Brazilian Health System

Spatiotemporal Pattern of COVID-19–Related Mortality during the First Year of the Pandemic in Brazil: A Population-based Study in a Region of High Social Vulnerability

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