COVID‐19 in a human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1 carrier

Enomoto, Takatoshi; Shiroyama, Takayuki; Hirata, Haruhiko; Amiya, Saori; Niitsu, Takayuki; Noda, Yoshimi; Hara, Reina; Fukushima, Kiyoharu; Suga, Yasuhiko; Miyake, Kotaro; Koyama, Shohei; Iwahori, Kota; Nagatomo, Izumi; Tokuhira, Natsuko; Uchiyama, Akinori; Takeda, Yoshito; Kumanogoh, Atsushi

doi:10.1002/ccr3.5463

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The information that is handled on what measures to take against COVID-19 when a person is infected with HTLV-1, are the same recommendations that are given for patients with HIV. 11,25,26 In our experience, we can see that the course of SARS-CoV-2 in patients infected with HTLV-1 follows similar patterns in percentage and symptoms compared to the general population. 27,28 There are several studies that express the percentages on the spectrum of COVID-19 in the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in patients with HTLV-1 infection in Peru - case series

Gotuzzo¹,

Nakazaki²,

Cordero³

et al. 2023

JHVRV

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Introduction: Peru has suffered a prolonged sanitary emergency and has the highest COVID – 19 mortalities per capita in the world. Some risk factors (diabetes, HIV, cardiovascular diseases, etc.) are currently considered by the CDC to develop severe COVID-19 infection. CDC considers as possible risk factors (evidence is mixed), other immunodeficiency conditions, one of them would be infection by HTLV-1 (human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1). It is not known whether subjects with HTLV – 1 infection have a higher risk for severe COVID – 19 disease. Materials and methods: We identified 51 patients with HTLV-1 and COVID-19. The patients recruited for this article belong to the HTLV-1 cohort of the Institute of Tropical Medicine Alexander von Humboldt - Cayetano Heredia Hospital and to the study cohort: "The effect of Strongyloides Stercoralis on HTLV-1 disease progression”. Periodic telemedicine follow-up was carried out on our patients during the lockdown from April 2020 to November 2021, and information related to SARS-CoV-2 infection was recorded. Results: 51 patients from cohorts were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the pandemic between April 2020 and October 2021. The majority are female (29 patients, 56.85%). 76.47% (39 patients) underwent a molecular/PCR, antigenic or serological test; while 23.53% (12 patients) developed symptoms compatible with COVID-19 in a context of family outbreak and positive direct contact. 74.51% (38 patients) developed a mild form of the disease, 15.69% (8 patients) a moderate form and 9.80% (5 patients) were asymptomatic. The most frequent symptoms were general malaise and/or fever (82.35%), headache (80.39%) and cough (76.47%). Discussion: the course of SARS-CoV-2 in patients infected with HTLV-1 follows similar patterns in percentage and symptoms compared to the general population. 81% usually develop a mild condition, while for our data 74.51% did. 14% usually develop moderate to severe disease worldwide, in our cohort, 15.69% developed moderate disease. The patients show a clinical picture similar to what is described in the literature as a common presentation of SARS-CoV-2. American studies show that the most frequent symptoms are headache (76%) and sore throat (65%); in our cohort, 80.39% reported headache and 35.29% sore throat. Conclusion: Patients with HTLV-1 who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop mild or moderate disease in similar proportions to the general population. More studies are needed to elucidate the risk of developing severe SARS-CoV-2 disease in patients infected with HTLV-1 and its associated comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in patients with HTLV-1 infection in Peru - case series

Gotuzzo¹,

Nakazaki²,

Cordero³

et al. 2023

JHVRV

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“…Although the majority of HTLV-1 carriers remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, they are at higher risk of acquiring different opportunistic infections (Olière et al, 2011). A case report of COVID-19 infected HTLV-1 carrier raises attention to potential long-term steroid use for secondary infection prevention (Enomoto et al, 2022). Although myelopathy can be a shared condition between HPTV-1 and MS, to date no solid evidence linking the diseases can be found.…”

Section: Viral Infection Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared miRNA landscapes of COVID-19 and neurodegeneration confirm neuroinflammation as an important overlapping feature

Trampuž

Vogrinc

Goričar

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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IntroductionDevelopment and worsening of most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, have been associated with COVID-19 However, the mechanisms associated with neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients and neurodegenerative sequelae are not clear. The interplay between gene expression and metabolite production in CNS is driven by miRNAs. These small non-coding molecules are dysregulated in most common neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19.MethodsWe have performed a thorough literature screening and database mining to search for shared miRNA landscapes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurodegeneration. Differentially expressed miRNAs in COVID-19 patients were searched using PubMed, while differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with five most common neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis) were searched using the Human microRNA Disease Database. Target genes of the overlapping miRNAs, identified with the miRTarBase, were used for the pathway enrichment analysis performed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Reactome.ResultsIn total, 98 common miRNAs were found. Additionally, two of them (hsa-miR-34a and hsa-miR-132) were highlighted as promising biomarkers of neurodegeneration, as they are dysregulated in all five most common neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19. Additionally, hsa-miR-155 was upregulated in four COVID-19 studies and found to be dysregulated in neurodegeneration processes as well. Screening for miRNA targets identified 746 unique genes with strong evidence for interaction. Target enrichment analysis highlighted most significant KEGG and Reactome pathways being involved in signaling, cancer, transcription and infection. However, the more specific identified pathways confirmed neuroinflammation as being the most important shared feature.DiscussionOur pathway based approach has identified overlapping miRNAs in COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases that may have a valuable potential for neurodegeneration prediction in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, identified miRNAs can be further explored as potential drug targets or agents to modify signaling in shared pathways.Graphical AbstractShared miRNA molecules among the five investigated neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19 were identified. The two overlapping miRNAs, hsa-miR-34a and has-miR-132, present potential biomarkers of neurodegenerative sequelae after COVID-19. Furthermore, 98 common miRNAs between all five neurodegenerative diseases together and COVID-19 were identified. A KEGG and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses was performed on the list of shared miRNA target genes and finally top 20 pathways were evaluated for their potential for identification of new drug targets. A common feature of identified overlapping miRNAs and pathways is neuroinflammation. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HD, Huntington’s disease; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; MS, multiple sclerosis; PD, Parkinson’s disease.

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“…However, the impact of COVID-19 in people living with HTLV-1 is still unknown. It can be hypothesized that individuals infected with HTLV-1 would have a higher risk of developing lethal COVID-19 [ 19 , 20 ]. The present study assesses the risk factors associated with COVID-19 and its clinical outcomes among individuals living with HTLV-1 in a Brazilian endemic area, Rio de Janeiro city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 among People Living with HTLV-1 Infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

et al. 2023

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The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on people living with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the COVID-19 risk factors and outcomes of HTLV-1-infected individuals. A retrospective study of seropositive HTLV-1 outpatients seen during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020–2022) was conducted in a Tertiary Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We compared the demographic and comorbidity/risk factors in patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 diagnoses. In addition, the clinical features of COVID-19 and vaccination status were also investigated in 51 HTLV-1-infected individuals. The majority (88.2%) had COVID-19 comorbidity/risk factors. Seven cases were vaccinated against COVID-19. Overall, 19 out of 51 (37.3%) individuals were diagnosed with COVID-19. We found differences only in the frequency of anxiety in both groups: 57.9% in the COVID-19 group vs. 15.6% in the non-COVID-19 (p < 0.05) group. Thirteen out of nineteen (68%) of the COVID-19 cases progressed to mild/moderate illness, one remained asymptomatic, and 26.3% progressed to severe illness. All of the individuals recovered at home, but the majority (57.9%) developed post-COVID-19 symptoms: anosmia and ageusia (31.6%), worsening anxiety (15.8%), and a feeling of pain in the legs (15.8%). The patients with post-COVID-19 conditions were unvaccinated. Our findings show that HTLV-1 did not increase the risk of lethal COVID-19 and underline the importance of promoting mental health in HTLV-1-infected individuals.

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COVID‐19 in a human T‐cell lymphotropic virus type‐1 carrier

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in patients with HTLV-1 infection in Peru - case series

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in patients with HTLV-1 infection in Peru - case series

Shared miRNA landscapes of COVID-19 and neurodegeneration confirm neuroinflammation as an important overlapping feature

COVID-19 among People Living with HTLV-1 Infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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