COVID-19 i in the setting of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (case analysis, resulting in death)

Abstract

A new coronaviral infection in the Russian Federation is registered less in a child treatment than in an adult one. Children’s COVID-19 is mainly asymptomatic or in mild, severe form occurs rarely. The percentage of paediatric-age patients that require in-patient medical care is from 5,7% to 20% of children with COVID-19. However, clinical observations show that children’s COVID-19 may be severe and extremely severe, also resulting in death. A risk group of unsmooth course of the new coronaviral infection is patients with serious comorbide pathology, in particular oncohematological disease, passing radiation, chemotherapy, transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, the most frequent paediatric-age oncological disease, may be one of the factors, predisposing to severe course of the new coronaviral infection. However, COVID-19 is likely to cause the deterioration of leukaemia treatment and an adverse outcome. The article presents a clinical observation of a 12-year-old child with a critical form of the new coronaviral infection and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the post-transplantation period. The accumulation of COVID-19 was accompanied by deterioration in the underlying disease. Despite high-quality medical care, using modern technologies, the child had progressive deterioration with a poor outcome.