COVID-19 highlights the issues facing blind and visually impaired people in accessing data on the web

Siu, Alexa F.; Fan, Danyang; Kim, Gene S-H; Rao, Hrishikesh; Vazquez, Xavier; O’Modhrain, Sile; Follmer, Sean

doi:10.1145/3430263.3452432

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Yet, the guidelines are a helpful starting point for websites. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 can provide a framework for all users and developers (Schmutz et al, 2016, Siu et al, 2021.…”

Section: Web Accessibility Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Knowledge of ADA: Basic Concepts, Accessibility Fundamentals - Disabilities, Guidelines, and Laws, Web Accessibility Testing

VanderMolen

2023

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Introduction: The purpose of the project is to measure the knowledge of persons with blindness or low vision (BLV), addressing the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), accessibility fundamental, and web accessibility of persons with low vision or blindness. Methods: A survey of knowledge addressing the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Basics, Accessibility Fundamentals, Web Accessibility: Basic Methods and Tools, and Web Accessibility Testing: Screen Readers was developed and distributed through Qualtrics. The knowledge test was to take 30 to 35 minutes. A final question will ask if a participant would like to participate in a training program on the aforementioned topics. Data was analyzed using MS Excel. Results: Out of the target of 15 participants, seven elected to start the knowledge survey for a 47% return. However, five of the seven fully completed the knowledge survey. The average score was 33 out of 45 for an average percentage of 75%. Discussion: The findings demonstrate that persons with low vision or blindness need training and more knowledge of web accessibility. Additional research to explore knowledge accessibility of persons with low vision and blindness should be encouraged to explore careers and training in the field. Implications for Practitioners: Developing web accessibility training and providing resources for accessibility certification may be beneficial. It is essential to support persons with visual impairments to obtain licensure or certification. Career development and planning to help employment should be included.

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Section: Web Accessibility Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Knowledge of ADA: Basic Concepts, Accessibility Fundamentals - Disabilities, Guidelines, and Laws, Web Accessibility Testing

VanderMolen

2023

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“…With a focus on remote studies that involve people with visual impairments over the past two years (Table 1), we observe that common approaches employed by researchers spanned online surveys, audio calls, and • laptop: audio call video conferencing. The majority conducted either an online survey [4,15,20,29,30] or an interview via a call [1,19,23,26,41,52]; few did both [12,46]. Some of them were able to evaluate their prototypes after guiding participants to install on their devices either a web browser extension [26,52] or a smartphone app [1,23].…”

Section: Remote User Studies In Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We see screen sharing in other studies that don't involve audio calls. However, they also are restricted to laptops either web browsers [46] or digital artboards [42]. More importantly, we don't see any prior work employing this screen sharing feature on smartphone.…”

Section: Remote User Studies In Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Lab to People's Home: Lessons from Accessing Blind Participants' Interactions via Smart Glasses in Remote Studies

Lee,

Hong,

Jarjue

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Researchers have adopted remote methods, such as online surveys and video conferencing, to overcome challenges in conducting inperson usability testing, such as participation, user representation, and safety. However, remote user evaluation on hardware testbeds is limited, especially for blind participants, as such methods restrict access to observations of user interactions. We employ smart glasses in usability testing with blind people and share our lessons from a case study conducted in blind participants' homes (𝑁 =12), where the experimenter can access participants' activities via dual video conferencing: a third-person view via a laptop camera and a first-person view via smart glasses worn by the participant. We show that smart glasses hold potential for observing participants' interactions with smartphone testbeds remotely; on average 58.7% of the interactions were fully captured via the first-person view compared to 3.7% via the third-person. However, this gain is not uniform across participants as it is susceptible to head movements orienting the ear towards a sound source, which highlights the need for a more inclusive camera form factor. We also share our lessons learned when it comes to dealing with lack of screen reader support in smart glasses, a rapidly draining battery, and Internet connectivity in remote studies with blind participants. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Accessibility design and evaluation methods.

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“…This study served as a proof of concept that it was possible to perform tasks dependent on a spatial application using audio and tactile modalities. The second study, published at Web4All and currently under review for TACCESS [16] assessed the accessibility of current web-based visualizations on COVID-19 related websites. Through an accessibility audit, interviews, and surveys, we gained an understanding of the practical challenges that limit BVI users' access and use of data representations, and ways screen in which reader users sought access to data-driven information.…”

Section: Contributions To Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Interactive Audio-Tactile Charts Grounded In Current Practices of Tactile Graphics Production

Rao

O’Modhrain

2022

Designing Interactive Systems Conference

Self Cite

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Data visualizations abstract the source data via patterns that help the reader identify patterns. Such a visual-centric property of visualizations also makes them inherently inaccessible for people with visual impairments. Widespread use of visualizations during the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the importance of access to data and the ability to understand visualizations. In my work, I am focusing on how to bridge the gap between the need for greater data literacy for everyone on the one hand and the lack of accessible tools for accessing data representations for VIP users on the other. My research promotes research practices that consider integration with existing procedures and infrastructure used for producing accessible texts and graphics. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Accessibility theory, concepts and paradigms; Accessibility design and evaluation methods; Empirical studies in HCI.

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COVID-19 highlights the issues facing blind and visually impaired people in accessing data on the web

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Survey of Knowledge of ADA: Basic Concepts, Accessibility Fundamentals - Disabilities, Guidelines, and Laws, Web Accessibility Testing

Survey of Knowledge of ADA: Basic Concepts, Accessibility Fundamentals - Disabilities, Guidelines, and Laws, Web Accessibility Testing

From the Lab to People's Home: Lessons from Accessing Blind Participants' Interactions via Smart Glasses in Remote Studies

Designing Interactive Audio-Tactile Charts Grounded In Current Practices of Tactile Graphics Production

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