Covid-19

Zito, Richard R.

doi:10.56094/jss.v56i2.23

Cited by 2 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In Figure 1 of the "COVID-19" paper (Zito, 2020b), the "S-protein (the binding protein) of the coronavirus envelope was depicted schematically as a slender triangular needle. Actually, the S-protein looks more like the "club" in Figure 3 below, and the scale of this cartoon is now 100x smaller than that of Figure 1 in the "COVID-19" paper (Zito, 2020b). 1 Each S-protein is composed of two protein subunits, S1 and S2, each a complete protein in its own right.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Starting in this section, it would be best for the reader to examine the first two coronavirus papers in this series (Zito. 2020b(Zito.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Each S-protein is composed of two protein subunits, S1 and S2, each a complete protein in its own right. The two proteins stick together because the amino acid residues (building blocks) that compose these proteins (Zito, 2020b) poses chemically active side chains. These side chains can interact with one another through disulfide bonds (from a sulfur atom in one subunit to a sulfur atom in its neighbor subunit), as well as hydrogen bonding, Van der Walls forces, and other types of non-permanent interactions.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And, as the name "ankle" might suggest, some S-protein movement can take place (like the tubes, or spines, on the back of a sea urchin). In the first publication of this series (Zito, 2020b) it was noted that the spike protein (S-protein) was a glycoprotein, meaning that the S-protein has sugar moieties (molecular fragments) attached. These are the yellow spots in the cartoon of Figure 3A.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, we must increase our magnification by another factor of 10 and focus in on the structure of the S1 subunit. A protein, when first created, is nothing more than a string of various amino acids chemically linked together by polypeptide bonds like a string of pearls, each with a letter on it that represents a particular amino acid (and there are 20 types) (Zito, 2020b). This linear sequence of amino acids is called the primary structure of a protein.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delta Variant

Zito¹

2022

J. Syst. Saf.

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Nothing is harder than to realize when you are living through history. For most of us, each day is pretty much like another. There is nothing historically remarkable about that. Occasionally, however, our lives are punctuated by events, both natural and man-made, that are apocalyptic and often (but not always) beyond our control – natural disasters, war, pestilence, and famine. These are the events that the historian must recognize. At this time, it is the COVID-19 pandemic that demands to be recorded by “his-story” so that posterity will know what we did right, and what we did wrong. This author has taken up the challenge of producing accurate, unbiased, comprehensive, technical annals of the global coronavirus pandemic that began in 2019. “The Delta Variant” is the third publication in this series. We are now near the end of the third year of the pandemic (summer/fall 2021). As predicted by this author, it has been a draconian year. Last year’s peak in the number of active cases was not a global maximum for the pandemic in the U.S., since this year the number of active cases has already surpassed it. Without knowing where the global maximum lies, no accurate predictions can be made about the magnitude and duration of this modern plague. The “Delta Variant” (δ-variant) of COVID-19 has greatly complicated efforts to combat the virus. The “anti-vaxxer” movement, uncontrolled migration of people into and within the U.S, and the relaxation of safety measures during the late spring and early summer in the U.S. also contributed difficulties. All of these problems were foreseen by the author and were discussed in the second paper (“Vaccine Safety”) of this series on the COVID pandemic. However, our biggest problem in the U.S. was an over confidence born of a natural summertime trough in the daily infection rate. We wanted to believe the infection was past, so we ignored the experience of India, and our administrators fueled our hopes with their words and actions. We believed because we wanted to believe – except for this author. So, what went wrong? What is a δ-variant, and why is it so dangerous? That will be the topic of this publication.

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Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Starting in this section, it would be best for the reader to examine the first two coronavirus papers in this series (Zito. 2020b(Zito.…”

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S-protein Mutations and The D-variantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delta Variant

Zito¹

2022

J. Syst. Saf.

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Vaccine Safety

Zito¹

2021

J. Syst. Saf.

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We are now near the end of the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, and it has been a year since the first International System Safety Society (ISSS) Conference coronavirus presentation. This past year has seen the development and distribution of several vaccines, as predicted in the previous publication about the pandemic. These new weapons against disease will save millions of lives all over the globe in the next few years — and they were developed faster than any vaccine in medical history. Yet these same vaccines have been the victim of numerous allegations from the start. In fact, their strongest virtue — the speed with which they were developed and distributed — is seen by their critics as a fault, possibly resulting in an unsafe or insufficiently tested product. Is there any truth to these claims? How do these vaccines work? And how are they made? Vaccine Safety. In order to establish an orderly, technically accurate, objective, and comprehensive record of the events of these times that is accessible to the general public and of some use to posterity, this second publication has been prepared. It is also hoped that this report will mitigate some of the concerns that people have about vaccine safety.

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Covid-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Delta Variant

Delta Variant

Vaccine Safety

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