COVID-19, Diabetes and Ramadan

Chowdhury, Tahseen A; Waqar, Salman; Hussain, Sufyan; Ahmed, Syed Haris; Syed, Mohamed Ahmed; Karamat, Ali; Helmy, Ahmed; Ghouri, Nazim

doi:10.1007/s13300-020-00887-x

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…WHO recommendations indicate that adults get a balanced diet and drink adequate fluids throughout the day as protective measures against COVID-19 [11,12]. In healthy individuals, there is no direct evidence to suggest any adverse effect of Ramadan fasting during the COVID À19 pandemic but individuals with diabetes should be advised by their treating physicians as recommended by guidelines based on their risk stratification [4,6,13]. A recent study of individuals with T2D and fasting in Ramadan 2020 found that more individuals were advised not to fast and fewer people fasted in 2020 compared to a similar survey in 2016 [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The DAR 2020 Global survey: Ramadan fasting during COVID 19 pandemic and the impact of older age on fasting among adults with Type 2 diabetes

Hassanein

Hussein²,

Shaltout

et al. 2021

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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The DAR Global survey of Ramadan-fasting during the COVID-19 pandemic aimed to describe the characteristics and care in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with a specific comparison between those <65 years and !65 years.Methods: Participants were consented to answer a physician-administered questionnaire following Ramadan 2020. Impact of COVID-19 on the decision of fasting, intentions to fast and duration of Ramadan and Shawal fasting, hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia events

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The DAR 2020 Global survey: Ramadan fasting during COVID 19 pandemic and the impact of older age on fasting among adults with Type 2 diabetes

Hassanein

Hussein²,

Shaltout

et al. 2021

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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“…In the study of the DAR 2020 global survey on Ramadan fasting during the COVID-19 pandemic aiming to describe the characteristics and care of participants with T2DM showed that in 5,865 participants (recruited from 20 predominantly Muslim cities) concern over the COVID-19 pandemic affected the decision to fast by 7.6% from ≥65 years old vs. 5.4% from <65 years old, while 94.8% fasted ≥15 days and 12.6% had to break the fast due to diabetes-related illness ( 64 ). As reported by Chowdhury et al ( 65 ), if a diabetic develops symptoms of COVID-19 during fasting, he/she must be told to break the fast immediately, to hydrate, to regularly monitor capillary blood glucose, because according to the study of Li et al ( 66 ), there is evidence that ketosis and ketoacidosis were more common in people with diabetes and COVID-19. In their article Chowdhury et al ( 65 ) continued that this applies particularly to patients on sodium-glucose 2 transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) ( 67 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Pandemic Diabetes and Ramadan Fastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As reported by Chowdhury et al ( 65 ), if a diabetic develops symptoms of COVID-19 during fasting, he/she must be told to break the fast immediately, to hydrate, to regularly monitor capillary blood glucose, because according to the study of Li et al ( 66 ), there is evidence that ketosis and ketoacidosis were more common in people with diabetes and COVID-19. In their article Chowdhury et al ( 65 ) continued that this applies particularly to patients on sodium-glucose 2 transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) ( 67 ). If a patient is not feeling well with symptoms of COVID-19, it may require hospitalization as it is at high risk of deterioration.…”

Section: Covid-19 Pandemic Diabetes and Ramadan Fastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ramadan Fasting and NCDs-Example of the Diabetes

et al. 2022

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Although Ramadan lasts only for 1 month each year, it can be accompanied by significant changes in: both energy and nutritional intake; in the diet composition; in the working hours; and the usual way of life. The majority of practitioners consume two meals, one after sunset (Iftar) and one before dawn (Sohor). During this month, it is also an opportunity to share a meal with family and friends, a period of highly intensified socialization. In parallel with the nutritional changes brought about by this unique pattern of fasting in Ramadan, other metabolic and physiological changes may occur, such as fluctuations in body weight and/or disturbance in the quantity and quality of the sleep-wake circadian rhythm. In the verses of the Qur'an, the exemption from fasting in certain situations such as illness is clearly stated. Despite this religious tolerance, many faithful who are eligible for the exemption observe the fast of Ramadan either for the spiritual aspect it provides by performing it, by religious guilt or to mark a normalization in the Muslim community for fear of the gaze of others. The world is experiencing an increase in the emergence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs); leading cause of the global mortality. Environmental and behavioral risk factors related to lifestyle, such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, and sedentarity have a causal association with NCDs. Other factors, such as genetic and physiological factors may also be associated (overweight, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia). Diabetes is one of the highest prevalent NCDs in the world and it continues increasing year by year. This chronic disease can lead to significant potential complications (degenerative, dermatological, and acute) to the patient's health. This requires an individual and appropriate care, both dietetic and therapeutic and over the long term will at best make it possible to sensitize the diabetic patient to the adverse effects related to his disease and thus improve its quality of life. Performing the Fast of Ramadan for a diabetic is a common situation. Diabetes is the only chronic disease widely studied in relation to Ramadan fasting. In the literature, many studies have investigated the effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on diabetic patients. This article aims to provide a general overview and highlight if there are many effect of Ramadan fasting on diabetes, as an example of a NCDs.

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“…Those who are high to very high risk are advised not to fast. The current COVID-19 pandemic upgrades those in the high-risk category to very high risk; hence, a significant number of diabetes patients may fall under the penumbra of the 'not-to-fast' advisory [4].…”

Section: Physician Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Looping with Do-It-Yourself Artificial Pancreas Systems During Ramadan Fasting in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Perspectives of a User and a Physician

Ahmed

Gallo²

2020

Diabetes Ther

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Hybrid closed-loop automated insulin delivery systems have helped type 1 diabetes (T1D) users close the loop between glucose monitoring and insulin delivery, a very important step in efforts to simulate the glucose-responsive insulin secretory function of a healthy pancreas. Do-It-Yourself Artificial Pancreas Systems (DIY APS) are a form of hybrid closed-loop system that use open-source algorithms, which govern the delivery of insulin in response to interstitial glucose and other variables that are personalized to an individual. The flexibility and customization afforded by these systems make them amenable for use in different worldly circumstances, one of which is fasting during the annual occurrence of Ramadan for observant Muslims. Here, we present the views of a DIY APS user who was able to fast successfully on most days of Ramadan after adopting this system, and the overview of a physician on these systems, with a focus on fasting during Ramadan with T1D.

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COVID-19, Diabetes and Ramadan

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

The DAR 2020 Global survey: Ramadan fasting during COVID 19 pandemic and the impact of older age on fasting among adults with Type 2 diabetes

The DAR 2020 Global survey: Ramadan fasting during COVID 19 pandemic and the impact of older age on fasting among adults with Type 2 diabetes

Ramadan Fasting and NCDs-Example of the Diabetes

Looping with Do-It-Yourself Artificial Pancreas Systems During Ramadan Fasting in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Perspectives of a User and a Physician

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