COVID-19: dental aspects and correlations of biochemical parameters

Abstract

Relevance. Relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges not only to society and the healthcare system but also to dental specialists. Hospitalization of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis associated with the COVID-19 course is known to adversely affect the overall condition and create the risk for disease severity aggravation. The study of inflammatory periodontal disease and COVID-19 correlation is relevant.Purpose. The study aimed to determine the features of inflammatory periodontal disease (IPD) course in patients after moderate COVID-19 by determining oral fluid (OF) and blood serum (BS) biochemical parameters.Material and methods. The study involved 165 subjects divided into three groups: Group 1 – patients with exacerbation of periodontal inflammation; Group 2 – inpatients with inflammatory periodontal disease associated with the course of verified moderate COVID-19; Group 3 – control (patients without IPD and verified COVID-19). The mean total-sample age was 32±13.0 years old, median 25.0, minimum 19 years old, and maximum 63 years old. All patients had oral organ and tissue examinations, which included only visual inspection (PMA index) and OF potential of hydrogen identification due to COVID-19 inpatients’ characteristics. Laboratory evaluation of OF and BS parameters included total protein, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), glucose, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP).Results. The study results showed OF and BS threshold value correlations; in the groups, there are trends, mild and moderate correlations between parameters CRP, AST, and LDH, including oral fluid pH and PMA index.Conclusion. The performed qualitative, quantitative, clinical and biochemical datum analysis broadens theoretical knowledge about a pathological shift in OF and BS in patients with IPD, which takes place during a moderate COVID-19 course.