COVID-19, Blood Lipid Changes, and Thrombosis

Farooqui, Akhlaq A.; Farooqui, Tahira; Sun, Grace Y.; Lin, Teng Nan; Teh, Daniel Boon Loong; Ong, Wei‐Yi

doi:10.3390/biomedicines11041181

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…According to Farooqui et al (2023), sPLA2 levels correlate with severity in COVID-19, and the activity of type sPLA2 IIA is linked to cytokine storm and coagulopathy. There are no studies about the sPLA2–endocan relation, but it is a very interesting subject for future research, particularly as both molecules activate in endothelial cells [ 16 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Serum Endocan Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Constantin,

Ungurianu,

Streinu-Cercel

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Endocan is an endothelial-cell-specific proteoglycan (ESM-1) and has emerged as an endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory marker in recent years. Endocan can be used as a marker of inflammatory endothelial dysfunction in endothelium-dependent disease: cardiovascular disease, sepsis, lung and kidney disease and malignancies. Recent data suggest that endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Endotheliitis and thrombo-inflammation are associated with severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and endocan is currently under investigation as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. The aim of this study was to determine serum endocan levels in patients with COVID-19 to evaluate the correlation between endocan levels and clinical disease diagnosis and prognosis. This study enrolled 56 patients, divided into three groups depending on disease severity: mild (15), moderate (25) and severe (16). The biochemical, demographic, clinical and imagistic data were collected and evaluated in correlation with the endocan levels. Serum endocan levels were significantly higher in the COVID-19 patients compared to the control group; also, endocan concentration correlated with vaccination status. The results revealed significantly elevated serum endocan levels in COVID-19 patients compared to the control group, with a correlation observed between endocan concentration and vaccination status. These findings suggest that endocan may serve as a novel biomarker for detecting inflammation and endothelial dysfunction risk in COVID-19 patients. There was no significant relationship between serum endocan levels and disease severity or the presence of cardiovascular diseases. Endocan can be considered a novel biomarker for the detection of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction risk in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Serum Endocan Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Constantin,

Ungurianu,

Streinu-Cercel

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…A significant decrease in the levels of AA-containing precursors was observed in the phospholipids in the ICU patients. Our previous analysis of signaling lipids in the same cohort found that the ICU patients had significantly lower levels of AA compared to the ward patients [ 16 ], and this may be linked to metabolic requirements or an altered level of PLA2 activity [ 48 , 55 ]. One study in COVID-19 patients showed significantly decreased plasma phospholipids alongside increased lysophospholipids, which may indicate enhanced activity of PLA2 [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Altered Plasma Lipidome with Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Zhang,

Karu,

Kindt

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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The severity of COVID-19 is linked to an imbalanced immune response. The dysregulated metabolism of small molecules and bioactive lipids has also been associated with disease severity. To promote understanding of the disease biochemistry and provide targets for intervention, we applied a range of LC-MS platforms to analyze over 100 plasma samples from patients with varying COVID-19 severity and with detailed clinical information on inflammatory responses (>30 immune markers). This is the third publication in a series, and it reports the results of comprehensive lipidome profiling using targeted LC-MS/MS. We identified 1076 lipid features across 25 subclasses, including glycerophospholipids, sterols, glycerolipids, and sphingolipids, among which 531 lipid features were dramatically changed in the plasma of intensive care unit (ICU) patients compared to patients in the ward. Patients in the ICU showed 1.3–57-fold increases in ceramides, (lyso-)glycerophospholipids, diglycerides, triglycerides, and plasmagen phosphoethanolamines, and 1.3–2-fold lower levels of a cyclic lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine-1-phosphates, sphingomyelins, arachidonic acid-containing phospholipids, lactosylceramide, and cholesterol esters compared to patients in the ward. Specifically, phosphatidylinositols (PIs) showed strong fatty acid saturation-dependent behavior, with saturated fatty acid (SFA)- and monosaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-derived PI decreasing and polystaturated (PUFA)-derived PI increasing. We also found ~4000 significant Spearman correlations between lipids and multiple clinical markers of immune response with |R| ≥ 0.35 and FDR corrected Q < 0.05. Except for lysophosphatidic acid, lysophospholipids were positively associated with the CD4 fraction of T cells, and the cytokines IL-8 and IL-18. In contrast, sphingosine-1-phosphates were negatively correlated with innate immune markers such as CRP and IL-6. Further indications of metabolic changes in moderate COVID-19 disease were demonstrated in recovering ward patients compared to those at the start of hospitalization, where 99 lipid species were altered (6 increased by 30–62%; 93 decreased by 1.3–2.8-fold). Overall, these findings support and expand on early reports that dysregulated lipid metabolism is involved in COVID-19.

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Editorial: Insights in red blood cell physiology: 2023

Bogdanova,

Kaestner

2024

Front. Physiol.

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COVID-19, Blood Lipid Changes, and Thrombosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 155 publications

Investigation of Serum Endocan Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Investigation of Serum Endocan Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Patients

Association of Altered Plasma Lipidome with Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients

Editorial: Insights in red blood cell physiology: 2023

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