COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Mucormycosis: An Underdiagnosed Entity with High Mortality

Muthu, Valliappan; Agarwal, Ritesh; Chakrabarti, Arunaloke

doi:10.1007/s11046-022-00638-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The lower mortality rate in our study might be attributed to several factors. First, more severe forms of the disease, including pulmonary and disseminated mucormycosis, could have been underrepresented ( 41 , 42 ). For instance, pulmonary mucormycosis accounted for only 7% of the cases in this study (vs. 13% in a pre-COVID-19 large multicenter study from India) ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicenter Case–Control Study of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India

Muthu¹,

Agarwal²,

Rudramurthy³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India M ucormycosis is an invasive fungal infection associated with high death rates. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, organ transplantation, hematological malignancies, and immunosuppression are the known predisposing factors for mucormycosis (1). During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-June 2021), a large number of cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) were reported globally, primarily in India (2-5). The explanation for this outbreak of CAM in India remains unclear. Diabetes mellitus and glucocorticoids (used for treating COVID-19) have been identified as risk factors for CAM (2,6). Other factors proposed in the pathogenesis of CAM include altered iron metabolism, the severity of COVID-19, and immune dysfunction resulting from COVID-19 (e.g., lymphopenia and others) (7,8).A high burden of Mucorales (in the hospital and outdoor environments) has been reported in India

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicenter Case–Control Study of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India

Muthu¹,

Agarwal²,

Rudramurthy³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Mortality is high in the absence of early initiation of anti-fungal therapy with surgical management and reported in various studies ranging from 73–88% [ 53 ]. The pooled mortality in CAPM (71%) is higher than the pooled mortality before the COVID-19 pandemic (57%).…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Mucormycosis

Krishna

Bansal

Morjaria

et al. 2022

JoF

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COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) emerged as an epidemic in certain parts of the world amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic. While rhino–orbital mucormycosis was well reported during the pandemic, in the absence of routine diagnostic facilities including lower airway sampling, pulmonary mucormycosis was probably under-recognized. In this review, we have focused on the epidemiology and management of COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM). CAPM is a deadly disease and mortality can be as high as 80% in the absence of early clinical suspicion and treatment. While histopathological examination of tissue for angio-invasion and cultures have remained gold standard for diagnosis, there is an increasing interest in molecular and serological methods to facilitate diagnosis in critically ill patients and often, immune-suppressed hosts who cannot readily undergo invasive sampling. Combined medical and surgical treatment offers more promise than standalone medical therapy. Maintaining adequate glycemic control and prudent use of steroids which can be a double-edged sword in COVID-19 patients are the key preventative measures. We would like to emphasize the urgent need for the development and validation of reliable biomarkers and molecular diagnostics to facilitate early diagnosis.

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The changing epidemiology of fungal infections

Lass-Flörl,

Steixner

2023

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

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COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Mucormycosis: An Underdiagnosed Entity with High Mortality

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Multicenter Case–Control Study of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India

Multicenter Case–Control Study of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India

COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Mucormycosis

The changing epidemiology of fungal infections

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