COVID-19 as Another Trigger for HBV Reactivation: Clinical Case and Review of Literature

Sagnelli, Caterina; Montella, Laura; Grimaldi, Pierantonio; Pisaturo, Mariantonietta; Alessio, Loredana; Pascalis, Stefania De; Sagnelli, E.; Coppola, Nicola

doi:10.3390/pathogens11070816

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Moreover, with the later withdrawal of immunosuppressants, the reconstituted immune system might mount a heightened immune response against HBV antigen-laden hepatocytes, thus leading to liver injury[ 51 ]. Sagnelli et al [ 52 ] reported HBV reactivation in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia 7 d after stopping corticosteroid therapy. Wu et al [ 53 ] also documented HBV reactivation in a COVID-19 patient on entecavir treated with recombinant interferon-alpha-2b, lopinavir/ritonavir and subsequently with methylprednisolone.…”

Section: Chronic Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: Clinical and laboratory perspective

Hanif¹,

Majid²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2022

World J Virol

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has become a global challenge of unprecedented nature since December 2019. Although most patients with COVID-19 exhibit mild clinical manifestations and upper respiratory tract involvement, in approximately 5%-10% of patients, the disease is severe and involves multiple organs, leading to multi-organ dysfunction and failure. The liver and gastrointestinal tract are also frequently involved in COVID-19. In the context of liver involvement in patients with COVID-19, many key aspects need to be addressed in both native and transplanted organs. This review focuses on the clinical presentations and laboratory abnormalities of liver function tests in patients with COVID-19 with no prior liver disease, patients with pre-existing liver diseases and liver transplant recipients. A brief overview of the history of COVID-19 and etiopathogenesis of the liver injury will also be described as a prelude to better understanding the above aspects.

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Section: Chronic Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: Clinical and laboratory perspective

Hanif¹,

Majid²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2022

World J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…, lopinavir/ritonavir)[ 27 , 40 , 61 , 71 ]. In a combination of these, SARS-CoV2 infection treated with corticosteroids or tocilizumab has been showed facilitate reactivation and accelerate liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B[ 72 ]. However, these two factors are unable to explain most of this phenomena as: (1) Over 90% of patients with COVALI have no evidence of underlying liver disease; and (2) transaminitis is often present at baseline prior to administration of medications[ 73 ].…”

Section: General Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 associated liver injury: A general review with special consideration of pregnancy and obstetric outcomes

Cooper¹,

Colletta²,

Asirwatham³

et al. 2022

World J Gastroenterol

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Liver injury is an increasingly recognized extra-pulmonary manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated liver injury (COVALI) is a clinical syndrome encompassing all patients with biochemical liver injury identified in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite profound clinical implications, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Unfortunately, most information on COVALI is derived from the general population and may not be applicable to individuals under-represented in research, including pregnant individuals. This manuscript reviews: Clinical features of COVALI, leading theories of COVALI, and existing literature on COVALI during pregnancy, a topic not widely explored in the literature. Ultimately, we synthesized data from the general and perinatal populations that demonstrates COVALI to be a hepatocellular transaminitis that is likely induced by systemic inflammation and that is strongly associated with disease severity and poorer clinical outcome, and offered perspective on approaching transaminitis in the potentially COVID-19 positive patient in the obstetric setting.

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“…If the patient is HBV surface antigen-positive, they should be prophylactically treated with entecavir and tenofovir (Disoproxil and Alafenamide) for 12 mo with routine HBV DNA testing every 3 mo. Those who are HBV surface antigen-negative or HBV core antibody negative should be viewed as low risk and monitored for any reactivation and subsequently treated with nucleotides[ 50 ].…”

Section: Co-infection: Hbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living with liver disease in the era of COVID-19-the impact of the epidemic and the threat to high-risk populations

Barve¹,

Choday²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2022

World J Clin Cases

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The cardinal symptoms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection as the pandemic began in 2020 were cough, fever, and dyspnea, thus characterizing the virus as a predominantly pulmonary disease. While it is apparent that many patients presenting acutely to the hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have complaints of respiratory symptoms, other vital organs and systems are also being affected. In fact, almost half of COVID-19 hospitalized patients were found to have evidence of some degree of liver injury. Incidence and severity of liver injury in patients with underlying liver disease were even greater. According to the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, from August 1, 2020 to May 31, 2022 there have been a total of 4745738 COVID-19 hospital admissions. Considering the gravity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the incidence of liver injury in COVID-19 patients, it is imperative that we as clinicians understand the effects of the virus on the liver and conversely, the effect of underlying hepatobiliary conditions on the severity of the viral course itself. In this article, we review the spectrum of novel studies regarding COVID-19 induced liver injury, compiling data on the effects of the virus in various age and high-risk groups, especially those with preexisting liver disease, in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of this disease process. We also provide an update of the impact of the new Omicron variant and the changing nature of COVID-19 pathogenesis.

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COVID-19 as Another Trigger for HBV Reactivation: Clinical Case and Review of Literature

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: Clinical and laboratory perspective

Hepatic manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 infection: Clinical and laboratory perspective

COVID-19 associated liver injury: A general review with special consideration of pregnancy and obstetric outcomes

Living with liver disease in the era of COVID-19-the impact of the epidemic and the threat to high-risk populations

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