COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes: Challenges and actions

Klatman, Emma L; Besançon, Stéphane; Bahendeka, Silver; Mayige, Mary

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108275

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…IDF SACA region countries reported shortages of medicines or supplies (68.4%), difficulties to access health services (57.9%) and even to food and items of first necessity [30] in this region. Similar situation was reported in African and Western Pacific countries [7,37]. In the Philippines, only 10% of T1D individuals had no difficulties receiving their insulin, BG test strips and lancets [7].…”

Section: Measures Beyond Physical Distancingsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Online support groups were reported in Scotland and Brazil [57]. Remote diabetes courses and webinars for lay people and HCPs were launched or were expanded in most countries, including Australia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Portugal, UK and Uruguay, just to name a few [37,42,46,57].…”

Section: Development and Adaptation Of Resources And Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These additional challenges were clearly reported in studies in LMIC. In some African and Latin American countries, food insecurity and lack of financial health protection was a reality for PwD [30,37]. In Brazil, individuals depending exclusively on the public health system were less compliant with the stay-at-home recommendations and often experienced an increase in BG [31,33].…”

Section: Social Inequalities Hinder Effectiveness Of Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global health crisis

Barone

Ngongo

Harnik

et al. 2021

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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COVID-19 has gravely threatened high-risk populations, such as people with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases, leading to disproportionate hospitalizations, longer and repeated hospital stays and deaths among these individuals worldwide. It is well documented from previous outbreaks that diabetes increases the risk for poor outcomes due to SARS infection. In the present review, we bring evidence that country and global level health crisis caused by COVID-19 could have been avoided or highly minimized if measures to protect high-risk populations were implemented timely. In addition to general lockdowns, testing, tracing, isolation and hygiene measures, other specific interventions for diabetes and comorbidities management were key to allow the continuation of care services during the pandemic. These interventions included: teleconsultation, digital remote education/monitoring, e-prescription/medicine delivery options, mobile clinics, home HbA1c and albumin-creatinine tests. In this article, we recommend prompt actions to protect the most vulnerable groups, valuing knowledge and experiences from previous outbreaks and lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to shield communities, health systems and the global economy.

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Section: Measures Beyond Physical Distancingsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Development and Adaptation Of Resources And Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Social Inequalities Hinder Effectiveness Of Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global health crisis

Barone

Ngongo

Harnik

et al. 2021

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During lockdown, self-reported physical activity was found to be reduced 133 , 134 and more consistent patterns of nutrient intake and sleep were found 133 ; these findings might reflect conditions under which glycaemic control is easier to achieve. This effect might differ from the situation in developing countries with reduced access to food, medications, blood glucose test strips and medical services 135 , 136 . The COVID-19 pandemic has also offered opportunities for remote consultation and telemedicine, which might contribute to the glycaemic control patterns seen in developed countries 137 , 138 .…”

Section: Covid-19 and T1dmmentioning

confidence: 84%

COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management

et al. 2020

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Initial studies found increased severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, COVID-19 might also predispose infected individuals to hyperglycaemia. Interacting with other risk factors, hyperglycaemia might modulate immune and inflammatory responses, thus predisposing patients to severe COVID-19 and possible lethal outcomes. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is part of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), is the main entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2; although dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) might also act as a binding target. Preliminary data, however, do not suggest a notable effect of glucose-lowering DPP4 inhibitors on SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility. Owing to their pharmacological characteristics, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors might cause adverse effects in patients with COVID-19 and so cannot be recommended. Currently, insulin should be the main approach to the control of acute glycaemia. Most available evidence does not distinguish between the major types of diabetes mellitus and is related to type 2 diabetes mellitus owing to its high prevalence. However, some limited evidence is now available on type 1 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. Most of these conclusions are preliminary, and further investigation of the optimal management in patients with diabetes mellitus is warranted.

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“…Despite, the paucity of knowledge regarding the effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic on T1D is recognized, a few research works done in the first half of 2020, have suggested a bidirectional connection between T1D and COVID-19. In fact, diabetes has become well-known as an important risk factor necessitating hospital admission, severe illness and even mortality among patients who contract the COVID-19 [ [17] , [18] , [19] ]. However, it must be stated that all T1D patients do not show equal susceptibility to higher COVID-19-induced severity risk and death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of hospitalized and home isolated COVID-19 patients with type 1 diabetes

Hayek

Robert

Alotaibi

et al. 2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

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Background and aims To elucidate the clinical features of COVID-19 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) under hospitalization and home isolation conditions. Method This retrospective study was conducted among 32 patients with COVID-19 and T1D, who sought treatment at the Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between May 01, 2020 and July 30, 2020. Patients data were extracted from electronic medical records. Results Of the total of 32 COVID-19 patients with T1D, 21.9% required hospitalization, while 78.1% underwent home isolation. Among the study population, 9.4% (3/32) were reported to have hypertension, 21.9% (7/32) had chronic pulmonary disease (CPD), 18.8% (6/32) had thyroid disorders, and 18.8% (6/32) had the celiac disease. Of the 32 studied patients, 68.8% (22/32) of them were reported as normal, while 28.1% (9/32) had chronic kidney disease (CKD) II and 3.1% (1/32) had end-stage renal failure. The most common symptoms observed among the hospitalized patients were nausea and vomiting (71.4%; 5/7), followed by fever (57.1%; 4/7), cough (42.8%; 3/7), sore throat (42.8%; 3/7), abdominal pain (42.8%; 3/7) and dyspnea (42.%; 3/7). The most common reasons for hospitalization were diabetic ketoacidosis (71.4%; 5/7) followed by bacterial pneumonia (14.3%; 1/7), fever (14.3%; 1/7), sore throat (14.3%; 1/7), severe hyperglycemia (14.3%; 1/7) and COVID-19 pneumonia (14.3%; 1/7). Except the severity of COVID-19 (p = 0.0001), none of the demographic and clinical parameters indicated statistically significant differences between patients requiring hospitalization and home isolation. Conclusion Majority of the COVID-19 patients with T1D recovered with conservative treatment at home. Diabetic ketoacidosis was the most common reason for hospitalization.

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COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes: Challenges and actions

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global health crisis

COVID-19 associated with diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases led to a global health crisis

COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management

Clinical characteristics of hospitalized and home isolated COVID-19 patients with type 1 diabetes

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