COVID-19 and Recreational Skiing: Results of a Rapid Systematic Review and Possible Preventive Measures

Gianfredi, Vincenza; Mauer, Nicole; Gentile, Leandro; Riccò, Matteo; Odone, Anna; Signorelli, Carlo

doi:10.3390/ijerph18084349

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With respect to transmission via large respiratory droplets (direct mode of transmission), there is evidence based on video records of football games that shows that direct contact between professional footballers in the field is rare in frequency and of short duration (<3–6 s) [ 9 ]. There is also some evidence that other outdoor sport activities (e.g., ski) are associated with a very low risk of COVID-19 transmission [ 18 ]. Another outdoor sport is rugby, which has repeated contact and close proximity interactions between players.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection among Elite Football Players: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

Papagiannis

Laios²,

Tryposkiadis

et al. 2022

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about the risk of COVID-19 infection among footballers. We aimed to investigate the incidence and characteristics of COVID-19 infection among footballers. In total, 480 football players of Super League Greece and 420 staff members participated in a prospective cohort study, which took place from May 2020 to May 2021. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from footballers and staff members weekly. All samples (n = 43,975) collected were tested using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for the detection of “SARS-CoV-2”. In total, 190 positive cases (130 among professional football players and 60 among staff) were recorded. Out of the 190 cases that turned positive, 64 (34%) cases were considered as symptomatic, and 126 (66%) cases were asymptomatic. The incidence rate of a positive test result for footballers was 0.57% (confidence interval (CI) 0.48–0.68%) and for staff members it was 0.27% (CI 0.20%, 0.34%), respectively. Footballers recorded a twofold increased risk of COVID-19 infection in comparison to staff members (relative risk = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.59–2.93; p-value < 0.001). No significant transmission events were observed during the follow-up period. We found a low incidence of COVID-19 infection among professional footballers over a long follow-up period. Furthermore, the implementation of a weekly diagnostic testing (RT-PCR) was critical to break the transmission chain of COVID-19, especially among asymptomatic football players and staff members.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Infection among Elite Football Players: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

Papagiannis

Laios²,

Tryposkiadis

et al. 2022

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, COVID-19 requires solid and up-to-date evidence to support decisionand policy-making in circumstances of emergency. In this context, the WHO defines a rapid review as a timely and affordable tool that can provide actionable and relevant evidence to strengthen health policy and system research, and promotes its use as practical and suitable approach for collecting and synthetizing growing evidence that can be easily and promptly used to inform stakeholders [21,23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Smoking on Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While the role of active smoking on response to vaccines is yet to be fully understood, some real-world studies have outlined a possible link between smoking and humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines. Thus, the present rapid systematic review aimed at summarizing the current epidemiological evidence on this association. Following PRISMA and WHO guidelines on rapid systematic reviews, we systematically reviewed published literature on this topic and discussed the findings according to the aim of analysing smoking and its impact on humoral response to COVID-19 postvaccination antibody titres. The search strategy yielded a total of 23 articles. The sample size amongst the studies ranged between 74 and 3475 participants (median, 360), with the proportion of smokers being between 4.2% and 40.8% (median, 26.0%). The studies included in this review analysis investigated the dynamics of antibody response to different type of COVID-19 vaccines. In 17 out of 23 studies, current smokers showed much lower antibody titres or more rapid lowering of the vaccine-induced IgG compared with nonsmokers. This rapid systematic review indicates that active smoking negatively impacts humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines, although the pathophysiologic mechanisms for this association have not been entirely suggested. The results advocate targeted policies to promote tailored health promotion initiatives, which can increase risk perception and ensure appropriate protection measures to be taken to avoid the health consequences of COVID-19 in smokers.

show abstract

“…Inaccurate accounts of transmission can lead to harmful policies and may cause individuals to fixate on inefficient or unnecessary interventions [33]. Amid the pandemic, many outdoor activities and settings (e.g., parks, beaches, hiking trails, playgrounds, skiing spots, other outdoor recreational spaces) have been discouraged or even prohibited [122][123][124][125][126]. In 2020, it was common that some politicians and the media called out seemingly dangerous behavior by spotlighting people frolicking on beaches, picnicking in parks, or participating in protests [66,127,128].…”

Section: Transmission Dynamics and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scientists across disciplines, policymakers, and journalists have voiced frustration at the unprecedented polarization and misinformation around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Several false dichotomies have been used to polarize debates while oversimplifying complex issues. In this comprehensive narrative review, we deconstruct six common COVID-19 false dichotomies, address the evidence on these topics, identify insights relevant to effective pandemic responses, and highlight knowledge gaps and uncertainties. The topics of this review are: 1) Health and lives vs. economy and livelihoods, 2) Indefinite lockdown vs. unlimited reopening, 3) Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, 4) Droplet vs. aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2, 5) Masks for all vs. no masking, and 6) SARS-CoV-2 reinfection vs. no reinfection. We discuss the importance of multidisciplinary integration (health, social, and physical sciences), multilayered approaches to reducing risk (“Emmentaler cheese model”), harm reduction, smart masking, relaxation of interventions, and context-sensitive policymaking for COVID-19 response plans. We also address the challenges in understanding the broad clinical presentation of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. These key issues of science and public health policy have been presented as false dichotomies during the pandemic. However, they are hardly binary, simple, or uniform, and therefore should not be framed as polar extremes. We urge a nuanced understanding of the science and caution against black-or-white messaging, all-or-nothing guidance, and one-size-fits-all approaches. There is a need for meaningful public health communication and science-informed policies that recognize shades of gray, uncertainties, local context, and social determinants of health.

show abstract

COVID-19 and Recreational Skiing: Results of a Rapid Systematic Review and Possible Preventive Measures

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

COVID-19 Infection among Elite Football Players: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

COVID-19 Infection among Elite Football Players: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

The Effect of Smoking on Humoral Response to COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies

COVID-19 false dichotomies and a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding public health, COVID-19 symptomatology, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, mask wearing, and reinfection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About