COVID-19 and real e-government and e-learning Adoption in Iraq

Elameer, Amer S.

doi:10.1109/iiceta51758.2021.9717570

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In addition, more than 3750 meetings were conducted in Iraqi universities and learning institutions to overcome the main obstacles in IHE that increased and expanded the culture of e-learning among Iraqi academics in all universities. Therefore, training and qualification of academics for e-learning in IHE reached approximately 85%, about 38.800 academics trained on e-learning and achieved cooperation together in governmental universities and private universities to teaching and learning in e-learning (Elameer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Results and Facts Achieved In Ihementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the current time, two of Iraq's Higher Education Ministries are divided based on regions, including (The federal government of Iraq in the capital, Baghdad, and the Ministry of Kurdistan's higher education in the north of Iraq). This research focuses on the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MOHESR) in the capital Baghdad (www.mohesr.gov.iq), which involve more than 30 public universities in the government sector and roughly 15 private university, as well as approximately 42 private university colleges, majority of them, establish in last two decades after 2003 (Elameer et al,2021), comprises two Commissions (Medical Specialization and Computer and Information) This article discusses how Iraqi universities public and privets interaction together with the new ear of e-education through e-learning as explained in figures below. In spite of the universities of Iraq passing crises with a number of difficulties and complexity, Iraqi universities completed the study years during the coronavirus pandemic with high criteria by (MOHESR) to achieve international standards in teaching and learning.…”

Section: Ministry Of Iraqi Higher Education (Ihe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the ministry of IHE conducted surveys widely in whole universities of Iraq periodically via e-forms sent to universities (figure12) to investigate about readiness and effectiveness of universities toward e-learning (Elameer et al,2021). In this respect, increasing numbers of mobiles devices holders in universities and populations of Iraq helped both teachers and students stimulate new digital culture personally.…”

Section: Educational Plans In Ihementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The education system in Iraq before the Coronavirus pandemic used traditional ways of teaching and learning, like face-to-face in whole Iraqi universities. In this respect, the digital e-normalization in Iraqi society has become a fact, and universities approved ready to transform towards a new era of e-learning methods effectively with keeping on traditional methods in education (Elameer et al,2021). Moreover, approximately 85% of the Iraqi population uses the Internet daily by using mobile devices, as presented in (figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using e-learning in Iraqi universities became an official feature to distinguish and competition locally or globally among universities in terms of study online, e-conferences, and e-workshops, to mimic the last updated information technology (IT) to communicate with universities in the world, especially during coronavirus pandemic crisis, therefore (IHE) trained more than 30000 of academics in Iraqi universities, moreover intensive e-workshops about e-learning during the academic years from 2019 to 2022. http://mohesr.gov.iq/en/2022/05/13/19866(Elameer et al, 2021)..…”

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confidence: 99%

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E-learning Gate of Success in Crisis: Iraqi Universities

Basha

2022

JCSTS

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The article shows intensively how the Iraqi universities struggled and exceeded successfully and academically through the academic years from 2019 to 2022 and still strive to cope with the Coronavirus pandemic crisis. More than 100 Iraqi universities in which approximately 50,000 academics and 800,000 students started to study every year periodically during the Corona pandemic via e-learning and connected respectively with the ministry of Iraqi higher education (IHE) to drive the new trail with e-education from the homes and have never stopped. In spite of Iraqi universities having weaknesses in infrastructures for e-learning, the majority of universities work and fully invest in e-platforms ( MOOC) like Google classroom, Coursera and high support of social media, consequently best criteria for academic and students that have been accomplished via e-exams and study. Regulations of public health and the ministry of Iraqi health created a crucial decision to convert toward e-learning as a gate of success in crisis to do e-exams and manage the mechanism of education because it was difficult to return the Iraqi universities to their ordinary exams and began training committees on e-exams and e- procedures to success the e-education in whole universities of Iraq, especially higher education. This paper showed the results IHE relates to applying high standards in e-education during the academic years from 2019 to 2022 in the coronavirus pandemic crisis. In this respect, the Iraqi universities present strong evidence to prepare and accomplish a roadmap to implement blended learning through successful e-learning in the current time and in the future toward lifelong in universities of Iraq.

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Section: Results and Facts Achieved In Ihementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ministry Of Iraqi Higher Education (Ihe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Educational Plans In Ihementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-learning Gate of Success in Crisis: Iraqi Universities

Basha

2022

JCSTS

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Performance Evaluation of Multi-Organization E-Government Based on Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Platform

Kadhum,

Hamad

2023

ISI

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E-governments can face various security problems due to the nature of online systems and the sensitive information they handle. Some of these security issues include: cyberattacks, data breaches, Identity theft, access control, and many others. Permissioned blockchain is one of the cutting-edge technologies that can help to reduce the impact of security vulnerabilities of e-governments. In this work, six organizations as a case study have adopted, two scenarios performed to analyze the performance of hyperledger fabric (a permissioned blockchain platform). In these two scenarios, several parameters have changed, including: transaction send rates, block sizes, number of organizations, and number of clients. The organizations have added gradually to conclude the effect of multiorganization on the throughput, latency, and scalability of the system. Good throughput and latency results were obtained by increase the block size to about 100 transactions per block. Within three to four organizations, the throughput and latency results were accepted, but adding more organizations, the throughput and latency have been affected negatively. Also, it has concluded that with few users in the system, the throughput and latency were reasonably good. Still, with adding more clients, the throughput decreased, and the latency increased rapidly.

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Evaluating the Performance of a Multi-Organizational E-Government Platform on Hyperledger Fabric with Fuzzy Logic-Enhanced Multi-Channel Connectivity

Kadhum,

Hamad

2024

ISI

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In the domain of e-government, the integration of multiple organizations is imperative for the effective delivery of public services through online platforms. This study examines a hyperledger fabric blockchain platform, which interconnects six organizations via a network of four distinct communication channels. A fuzzy logic-based mechanism has been employed to determine the optimal channel for executing transactions, contingent on client volume. A series of experiments were conducted to assess the system's performance in terms of throughput, latency, and scalability. These experiments varied parameters including transaction rates, block sizes, the number of participating organizations, and client count. It was observed that a multi-channel architecture significantly outperformed a singlechannel setup in enhancing throughput and reducing latency. The findings indicate that even with the expansion to six organizations and an increase in clients to two hundred, the deployment of a multi-channel structure only resulted in marginal throughput degradation and a modest latency increment when contrasted with a single-channel framework. Moreover, the strategic distribution of block sizes across the four channels was found to substantially bolster the scalability of the system. This facilitated the inclusion of additional clients and organizations with minimal impact on the overall system performance.

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COVID-19 and real e-government and e-learning Adoption in Iraq

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

E-learning Gate of Success in Crisis: Iraqi Universities

E-learning Gate of Success in Crisis: Iraqi Universities

Performance Evaluation of Multi-Organization E-Government Based on Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Platform

Evaluating the Performance of a Multi-Organizational E-Government Platform on Hyperledger Fabric with Fuzzy Logic-Enhanced Multi-Channel Connectivity

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