COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Latin American Children

Antùnez-Montes, Omar Yassef; Escamilla, M.I.; Figueroa-Uribe, Augusto Flavio; Arteaga‐Menchaca, Erick; Lavariega‐Sárachaga, Manuel; Salcedo-Lozada, Perla; Melchior, Priscilla; Oliveira, Rodrigo Beréa de; Caballero, Juan Carlos Tirado; Redondo, Hernando Pinzón; Fontalvo, Laura Vanessa Montes; Hernandez, Roger; Chávez, Carolina Escamilla; Campos, Francisco; Uribe, Fadia; Águila, Olguita del; Aida, Jorge Alberto Rios; Buitrago, Andrea Parra; Londoño, Lina María Betancur; Vega, León Felipe Mendoza; Hernández, Carolina Almeida; Sali, Michela; Palacio, Julian Esteban Higuita; Gómez‐Vargas, Jessica; Yock‐Corrales, Adriana; Buonsenso, Danilo

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000002949

Cited by 117 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The most common source of infection was an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic family member suggesting that close contact within the family increases significantly the risk of transmission [6,7]. All infants presented with mild symptoms but were hospitalized due to their very young age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in neonates and young infants

et al. 2021

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We report the clinical characteristics and management of fourteen neonates and very young infants with COVID-19. Although all presented with mild symptoms and did not require specific treatment, most of them had abnormal laboratory and radiological findings. Ten infants presented with neutropenia and/or monocytosis but none with lymphopenia. Transient hypertriglyceridemia and/or prolonged viral shedding were detected in 9 patients.Conclusion: Based to our experience, COVID-19 is mild in very young infants and might have distinct laboratory findings. Keywords COVID-19 . Infants . SARS-CoV-2 . Pandemic Abbreviations BPD Bronchopulmonary dysplasia RT-PCR Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Communicated by Nicole Ritz

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in neonates and young infants

et al. 2021

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“…This study is part of an ongoing independent project assessing COVID-19 and MIS-C in Latin American children, already presented elsewhere (12) and with a previous published paper describing an initial group of 409 children with confirmed COVID-19 (14). For the current study, we performed a sub-analyses of a previously used dataset (15) aiming to assess the influence of sex on disease severity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sex on disease severity in children with COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Latin America

Brizuela¹,

Lenzi

Ulloa‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Data from adult studies how that COVID-19 is more severe in men than women. However, no data are available for the pediatric population. For this reason, we performed this study aiming to understand if sex influenced disease severity and outcomes in a large cohort of latin-american children with COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C). We found that a higher percentage of male children developed MIS-C (8.9% vs 5% in females) and died (1.2% and 0.4% in females), although on multivariate adjusted analyses the only statistically significant difference was found in need of hospitalization, with females less frequently admitted compared with boys (25.6% vs 35.4%). This data are preliminary and need further independent studies to better assess the role of sex.

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“…An individual aged <21 years presenting with fever (1) , laboratory evidence of inflammation (2) , Table 2. Epidemiology of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in various countries [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]…”

Section: Elevated Markers Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features, diagnosis, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019

2021

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been spreading worldwide since December 2019. Hundreds of cases of children and adolescents with Kawasaki disease (KD)–like hyperinflammatory illness have been reported in Europe and the United States during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic with or without shock and cardiac dysfunction. These patients tested positive for the polymerase chain reaction or antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 or had a history of recent exposure to COVID-19. Clinicians managing such patients coined new terms for this new illness, such as COVID-19–associated hyperinflammatory response syndrome, pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19, or COVID-19–associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). The pathogenesis of MIS-C is unclear; however, it appears similar to that of cytokine storm syndrome. MIS-C shows clinical features similar to KD, but differences between them exist with respect to age, sex, and racial distributions and proportions of patients with shock or cardiac dysfunction. Recommended treatments for MIS-C include intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and inotropic or vasopressor support. For refractory patients, monoclonal antibody to interleukin-6 receptor (tocilizumab), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra), or monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor (infliximab) may be recommended. Patients with coronary aneurysms require aspirin or anticoagulant therapy. The prognosis of MIS-C seemed favorable without sequelae in most patients despite a reported mortality rate of approximately 1.5%.

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COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Latin American Children

Cited by 117 publications

References 15 publications

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in neonates and young infants

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in neonates and young infants

Influence of sex on disease severity in children with COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Latin America

Clinical features, diagnosis, and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019

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